摘要在炸药中加入具有高热值的金属氢化物（MgH2，Mg(BH4)2）有望提高炸药的爆炸性能，但同时给炸药的安全使用带来挑战。为了探索炸药与这2种金属氢化物的热稳定性，为其在使用中提供更可靠的技术参数，本论文从研究其发生热分解过程热、动力学的角度出发，探讨物质的热分解特性。分别采用差示扫量热仪（DSC）和加速量热仪（ARC）对纯AN，TNT以及对加入Mg(BH4)2，MgH2的混合物进行热分解测试。利用Origin软件对DSC数据进行热分析，并采用Kissinger和Ozawa法对DSC测试结果进行动力学分析，了解样品的分解历程，根据分析结果判断发生分解反应的危险性大小。采用两种经典的速率常数法和机理函数法对ARC测试结果进行动力学分析，求得绝热条件下的活化能和指前因子。结果表明，加入MgH2，Mg(BH4)2都使AN 的表观活化能增加，加入MgH2，Mg(BH4)2使TNT的表观活化能降低；加入MgH2，Mg(BH4)2对AN的热稳定性的影响有待于研究，加入MgH2，Mg(BH4)2降低了TNT的热稳定性。因此，在将MgH2，Mg(BH4)2作为炸药的高能添加剂以前，必须首先提高其与炸药的相容性以保证试验和存储过程的安全。64161

毕业论文关键词  MgH2  Mg(BH4)2  TNT  AN  ARC  DSC  热安全性  

毕业设计说明书（论文）外文摘要

Title  Study of the Thermal Safety of the Mixture of Metal Hydride and Explosive                                   

Abstract   Metal hydrides Mg(BH4)2 and MgH2 with high heat values are expected to improve the explosion properties of explosive. However, it brings secure problems at the same time. To study thermal stability of this kind of material and give reliable technical parameters to the user, the thermal decomposition characteristics were discussed based on research results of thermal dynamics and dynamics of material’ thermal decompositions. The Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC) and Accelerating Rate Calorimeter (ARC) was used to study the thermal decomposition characteristics of TNT, AN and their influenced by the addition of Mg(BH4)2 and MgH2. By use of Origin to conduct thermal dynamics of DSC data, and the means of Kissinger and Ozawa are used to study their dynamics analysis, the thermal decomposition process of the samples and the risk size of their thermal decompositions were decided based on the analysis results. By means of the Mechanism of function method and Rate constants to analyze the test results, the activation energy and pre-exponential factors of the test samples’ was calculated. The stabilities of the mixtures of TNT, AN and two kinds of metal hydrides were calculated. The results show that the addition of Mg(BH4)2 and MgH2 increases the apparent activation energy of AN, and decreases the apparent activation energy of TNT. Besides, the addition of Mg(BH4)2 and MgH2 is unknown to the stability of AN which needs more test to research, and lower the stability of TNT. So, how to enhance the consistency between explosive and metal hydrides is the principal problem when adding metal hydrides to explosive.

Keywords  MgH2  Mg(BH4)2  TNT  AN  ARC  DSC  Thermal Safety

1  绪论 2

1.1  研究背景和意义 2

1.2  国内外研究现状 3

1.2.1  含能材料的研究现状 3

1.2.2  金属氢化物的研究现状 4

1.2.3  金属氢化物在含能材料中的研究现状 5

1.3  本论文的工作 6

2  MgH2，Mg(BH4)2与TNT，AN混合物的DSC研究