摘 要：纳米材料是当今世界最有应用前景的材料，其独特的物理、化学及生物方面的特性决定了它的重要地位。纳米氧化铜材料在光学、催化、气敏、磁学等领域有着广泛应用。对于一维纳米氧化铜，其性能除了与材料的本征特性有关，还取决于其纳米颗粒的形貌及尺寸，因此有效控制纳米粒子的形貌和尺寸并实现其组装，从而对材料性质进行有目的的调整，成为纳米氧化铜材料制备的关键。66456

本实验用水热法，以硫酸铜等铜盐作为铜源，氨水提供碱性环境与铜离子配对，羧甲基纤维素钠和海藻酸钠作为模板剂，通过改变铜源、氨水、模板剂、反应温度等条件，得到一系列不同形貌的氧化铜颗粒，研究不同条件对反应的影响。并利用SEM、XRD等手段表征实验产物，成功实现对纳米氧化铜材料形貌和尺寸的控制。

毕业论文关键词：氧化铜，纳米材料，水热法，羧甲基纤维素钠，海藻酸钠

Abstract:Nano-materials is the world's best promising material for its application, its unique physical,chemical and biological characteristics resolve its important position. Copper oxide nano-materials have a wide range of applications in optics, catalysis, gas sensing, magnetic fields. For one-dimensional copper oxide materials, its performance not only relates to the intrinsic properties of materials, but also depends largely on its morphology and size of particles, so effective control of nanoparticle morphology and size and to achieve its assembly, in order to carry out purposely adjustment of the property of nanometer copper oxide as a key in preparation.

This experiment use hydrothermal method, use CuSO4 as a precursor of copper, ammonia as the provision of basic environment and matching copper ions, and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose/sodium alginate as a template agents, by changing the precursor, ammonia, template agent, the reaction temperature and other conditions of this experiment, get a series different morphologies of copper oxide particles to study the effect of various conditions on the reaction. And use SEM/XRD and other means characterize the product ,and successfully control the morphology and size of copper oxide nano-materials.

Keywords: copper oxide, nano-materials, hydrothermal method, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium alginate 

目  录

1  前言 4

1.1  纳米材料的概述 4

1.1.1  纳米材料的定义 4

1.1.2  纳米材料的研究与发展 4

1.1.3  纳米材料的分类 5

1.1.4  纳米材料的性能 5

1.1.5  纳米材料的应用 6

1.1.6  纳米材料的制备 7

1.2  水热法的介绍 8

1.3  纳米氧化铜的应用和制备 8

2  实验内容与产物的表征 9

2.1  实验原理 9

2.2  实验步骤与表征 10

2.2.1  初步试验 10

2.2.2  改变铜源对实验产物的影响 10

2.2.3  改变氨水对实验产物的影响 11

2.2.4  改变模板剂对实验产物的影响 12

2.2.5  改变反应温度对实验产物的影响