摘要：绿色化学寻求使用能减少健康危害和环境的其他溶剂来代替有害溶剂。从对健康的危害和环境的影响达到最小化，这一点可以认为是水较好的溶剂；乙醇是较为绿色的溶剂；苯乙酮是一种易溶于多数有机溶剂的传统有机溶剂，且毒性较小第一种接近绿色化学要求的有机溶剂。羰基化合物是重要的有机合成中间体，但是对于α位氯代羰基化合物的相关研究较为少，将探索在水-醇混合体系中相对绿色合成α-氯代羰基化合物。79764

以一定量的苯乙酮与低毒、廉价的TCCA为氯代试剂在水和乙醇混合体系中反应，并加入催化剂，实现一氯代反应高选择性。经实验发现，以1。20g苯乙酮作为反应底物、调整TCCA用量为0。77 g、使用5 mmol对三氟甲基苯甲酸作为催化剂、水和乙醇体积比为1:1、反应的时间为2 h、反应温度为80℃是水-醇混合体系中的羰基化合物α位氯代反应的较为优化的条件，得到产物α-氯代苯乙酮实际产量为最大，有1。37 g，产率88 。4%。之后对水-酸催化剂混合溶液重复利用的反应体系进行探索，结果表明:水-酸混合溶液至少可重复利用至少3次，产物产率维持在85%以上。最后对水-醇混合体系中的羰基化合物α位氯代反应进行普适性探索，产率在76。3%到88。7%之间。实验方案接近绿色化学要求，反应体系低毒、廉价可重复利用。         

毕业论文关键词：水醇混合体系；α-氯代羰基化合物；三氯异氰脲酸；绿色化学

Study on Chlorination Reaction of Carbonyl Compounds in Water - Alcohol Mixed System

Abstract: Green chemistry seeks to use other solvents that reduce health hazards and the environment in place of harmful solvents。 Ethanol is a relatively green solvent; acetophenone is a traditional organic solvent soluble in most organic solvents, and the toxicity of the organic solvent, the toxicity of the organic solvent, the toxicity of the organic solvent, Smaller first close to the green chemistry requirements of the organic solvent。 Carbonyl compounds are important organic synthesis intermediates, but there are few studies on the chlorinated carbonyl compounds at the α level, and the α-chlorocarbonyl compounds are relatively green synthesized in the water-alcohol blends。

With a certain amount of acetophenone and low toxicity, cheap TCCA as a chlorine reagent in water and ethanol mixture system, and adding catalyst to achieve a high selectivity of chlorine reaction。 It was found that the dosage of TCCA was adjusted to 0。77 g with 1。50 g of acetophenone as the reaction substrate。 Using 5 mmol of trifluoromethylbenzoic acid as the catalyst, the volume ratio of water to ethanol was 1: 1, the reaction time was 2 H, the reaction temperature is 80 ℃ is the optimum condition of the chlorination reaction of the carbonyl compound in the water-alcohol mixture system。 The yield of the product α-chloroacetophenone is the largest, 1。37 g, the yield is 88。 4%。 The results show that the water - acid mixed solution can be reused at least 3 times and the product yield is above 85%。 The results show that the water - acid mixed solution can be used for at least 3 times。 Finally, the chlorination reaction of carbonyl compound α in water - alcohol mixture system was investigated。 The yield was between 76。3% and 88。7%。 Experimental program close to the green chemical requirements, the reaction system low toxicity, cheap reusable。

Key words: water alcohol mixed system; α-chlorocarbonyl compounds;       trichloroisocyanuric acid; green chemistry

目录

1 绪论 1

1。1 水相中的有机反应 1

1。1。1 水相中的氧化反应