摘要随着这个社会科技和经济的发展，人们的生活越来越现代化，在迅速革新的进程中，方便快捷的交通起到了很重要的作用，汽车是众多交通工具之一。然而随着我国交通道路状况的不断改善、汽车保有量以及车速的连续增长，在社会安全问题中造成人员伤亡的汽车碰撞交通事故已悄然跃居首位。因而，在汽车碰撞交通事故中，对汽车的被动安全性提出了更高的要求。而要对汽车被动安全性进行研究，汽车碰撞试验无疑是综合评价和研究这一安全性最基本和最有效的方法。具备一套功能齐全、完善、安全可靠，易于控制的牵引系统则是进行汽车碰撞试验研究的基础。84506

早期进行试验的汽车碰撞牵引方式有重锤式或橡皮绳弹射式等，虽然结构简单但是速度不易控制。随着试验技术的不断发展与进步，出现了电机牵引方式，结构可靠、且速度易于控制。而此方式用钢丝绳对小车进行牵引，进而需用张紧装置对钢丝绳进行张紧，以减少钢丝绳由于松动引起的振动，达到对碰撞小车的有效牵引，提高试验精度及试验结果的可靠性。本文通过对汽车碰撞牵引钢丝绳张紧装置功能的详细分析，采用液压张紧方式，用模块化方式进行了执行机构和支撑机构的具体设计。张紧原理为：液压缸牵的活塞杆带动张紧装置滑块运动，钢丝绳张紧轮安装在滑块上，这样就实现了对钢丝绳的张紧。对具体关键的零部件本文亦进行了强度校核，如对活塞杆等首先进行公式验证，然后用有限元软件等进行强度仿真分析校核，以达到设计的可靠要求。

毕业论文关键词：汽车碰撞； 牵引绳 ；液压；张紧装置 

Abstract With the development of society, science and technology and economy, people's life is marching towards modernization, in the process of rapid change, the convenient traffic has played an important role, the car is one of the many means of transport。 However, with the continuous improvement of the situation of China's traffic, car ownership and the continuous growth of the speed, resulting in social security problems in the car crash accident has quietly jump  passive safety put forward higher request。 In the study of automobile passive safety, the vehicle crash test is the most basic and effective method to evaluate and study the safety of the vehicle。 With a complete set of functions, complete, safe, reliable, easy to control traction system is the basis for the car crash test。

Early testing of vehicle collision traction hammer or rubber rope ejection type, though the structure is simple, but the speed is not easy to control。 With the continuous development and progress of the test technology, the traction mode, the structure is reliable, and the speed is easy to control。 And the wire rope of the car traction and required tension device of wire rope were tension, to reduce the wire rope due to vibration caused by loose, reached on car collision effective traction and improve the reliability of the test accuracy and test results。 The tension device has a mechanical tension and hydraulic tension tight, there are single ended tension and ends with a tight points, but its function is not very complete, especially now era of rapid development of industry, automation control is the trend of the times and changes of the era requirement。 In this paper, through the detailed analysis of the function of the traction wire rope tension device of the automobile collision traction, the specific design of the executing mechanism and the supporting mechanism is carried out by the method of mechanical tension。 Tension principle: manually or motor traction force and motion through the worm transmission to the screw, screw and worm screw transmission and screw driven tension device for the movement of the slider, wire rope, a tension wheel installed on the slider, so as to realize the on wire rope tension。 The specific key parts of this paper also carried out the strength check, such as the screw and so on the first formula to verify, and then use the finite element software, etc。 to carry out strength simulation analysis and check, in order to achieve the design requirements。