摘要本设计是通过对液压绞车工作原理、工作的环境和工作的特点进行分析，并结合实际，在进行细致观察后，对液压绞车的整体结构进行了机械设计，对组成的各元件进行了选型、计算和校核。本绞车由电动机、液压马达、液压泵、常闭多片式制动器、离合器、卷筒、支承轴和机架等部件组成，还可根据需要设计阀组直接集成于马达配油器上，如带平衡阀、高压梭阀、调速换向阀或其它性能的阀组。在结构上具有紧凑、体积小、重量轻、外型美观等特点，在性能上则具有安全性好、效率高、启动扭矩大、低速稳定性好、噪音低、操作可靠等特点，在提升和下放工作中运转相当平稳，带离合器的绞车可实现自由下放工况，广泛适用于铁道机车和汽车起重机、船舶、油田钻采、地质勘探、煤矿、港口等各种起重设备中。43622

毕业论文 关键词：液压绞车；计算；校核；机械设计

Abstract This paper focuses on the mechanical design of the overall structure of the winch and the selection, calculation, and verification of each component, through a careful observation and the analysis of the working principle, working environment and the working characteristics of the hydraulic winch. This winch is composed of electric motor, hydraulic motor, hydraulic pump ,normally closed to the multi-plate brakes, clutch, roll support shaft, rack and some other parts. According to the practical circumstances, we can also directly integrate the valve block with the oil box of the motor, such as the balancing valves, high pressure shuttle valves, governor valves or some valves having distinct properties. In terms of the structure, it has the advantages of being compact, small size ,light weight and a beautiful appearance .Meanwhile , it also has the characteristics of good security, high efficiency, starting torque, low-speed stability, low noise and reliable operation .When it is used to lift and land things, it works fairly smooth. The winch with a clutch could land things in a free manner. It is widely used in railway locomotive, truck cranes, ships, oil drilling, geological exploration, coal mines, ports and other lifting equipments.   

       Key words：Hydraulic winch；Computation；Examination；Mechanical design

目  录

第一章  绪   论 - 1 -

1.1液压传动系统概论 - 1 -

1.1.1传动类型及液压传动的定义 - 1 -

1.1.2 液压系统的组成部分 - 1 -

1.1.3 液压技术的特点 - 1 -

1.1.4 液压系统的类型 - 2 -

1.2绞车的简介 - 2 -

1.2.1 绞车的发展状况 - 3 -

1.2.2 国外绞车概况 - 4 -

1.3拟定绞车液压系统原理图 - 6 -

第二章 总体设计计算 - 7 -

2.1 液压马达 - 7 -

2.1.1液压马达的分类 - 7 -

2.1.2 液压马达的初选 - 7 -

2.2 液压泵 - 8 -

2.2.1液压泵的分类 - 8 -

2.2.2液压泵的初选 - 9 -

2.3 电机 - 9 -

2.3.1电机的分类 - 9 -

2.3.2 电机的初选 - 10 -

2.4 总体设计计算