摘要：本课题主要针对单座调节阀中的套筒式单座调节阀的抗气蚀结构的优化设计。由于阀门中的介质的腐蚀性强，压力高，使单座调节阀在各种严峻工况下使用时不能满足密封的要求，以至于会出现泄漏问题。不仅造成能源的浪费及环境的污染，而且引起密封面的冲蚀和气蚀，使阀门很快失效，导致整个生产过程的崩溃，造成很大的经济损失。76287

针对这一问题，在本次的单座调节阀抗气蚀结构的优化设计中，重点研究了减少单座调节阀蒸汽体积分数即蒸汽所占体积比的问题。对以往的阀门产品进行研究，从阀门流道进出口压力、开度大小、套筒上不同的窗口等方面进行改进，通过理论计算分析，使改进后的单座调节阀比之前的蒸汽体积分数有明显的减小，使用效率更高。

毕业论文关键词：高压差调节阀；设计；流量特性研究

Study on Design and Flow Characteristics of High Pressure Differential Control Valve

Abstract：This project is mainly aimed at the optimal design of the anti - cavitation structure of the single - seat control valve in the single - seat regulating valve。 As the medium in the valve corrosive, high pressure, so that a single seat control valve in a variety of severe conditions can not meet the requirements of the seal, so that there will be leakage problems。 Not only caused the waste of energy and environmental pollution, but also caused the sealing surface erosion and cavitation, so that the valve soon failed, leading to the collapse of the entire production process, resulting in great economic losses。

In view of this problem, in this optimization of the anti-cavitation structure of the single-seat control valve, the problem of reducing the volume ratio of the cavitation of the single-seat control valve or the steam is studied emphatically。 The valve products from the previous study, from the valve inlet and outlet pressure, the size of the opening, the sleeve on the different windows and other aspects of improvement, through theoretical calculations, so that the improved single-seat control valve than the previous cavitation There is a significant reduction, the use of more efficient。

Key words: high pressure differential control valve; design; flow characteristics

目  录

1  绪论1

1。1  课题介绍1

1。2  课题研究就的意义1

1。3  调节阀的降压原理、结构特点及设计流程2

1．3．1  多级降压原理2

1．3．2  调节阀的主要形式2

1．4  文献综述4

1．4．1  各调节阀研究现状4

1．4．2  套筒式调节阀4

1．5  课题研究的内容8

1．5．1  原始条件及技术要求8

1．5．2  设计流程8

1．6  创新点及难点分析 8

2  套筒式调节阀设计计算9

2．1  阀体的设计和计算9

2．1．1  阀体设计的基本内容9

2．1．2  阀体的结构设计9

2．1．3  阀体壁厚及其计算10

2．1．4  阀杆的设计与计算11

3  流体流动与汽蚀模拟的数学模型与数值计算方法17

3．1数学模型17

3．1．1连续性方程17

3．1．2动量方程17

3．1．3能量方程17

3．1．4湍流模型方程18

3．1．5控制方程与气蚀模型19

3．2数值计算方法20

3．2．1离散化概述21

3．2．2有限体积法21

3．2．3代数方程的求解21

3．3本章小结23

4  流场实体模型的建立与计算网格划分24

4．1模型及其算例总览24

4．1．1  调节阀流道实体建模25

4．1．2  套筒流道实体建模26