摘要随着人类需求的越来越大，船舶的吨位和功能也在日渐增加。船舶行业的自动化 程度也在不断地提高。油船作为三大主力船型之一，在我国船舶建造中占据十分重要 的地位。基座是锚机与船体的连接构件。船舶在大海上航行时，它所承受的载荷非常 复杂，有锚链收放产生的载荷和各种情况下的波浪冲击等。所以底座的强度必须足够 大，才能保证船体的安全性跟稳定性。同时国内 CAE 技术一直在发展，以往的一些经 验公式不一定就能满足现代造船的精度要求。再加上一些标准的改变，使得我们不得 不采用更加精确的方法来校核船体的强度。本课题采用有限元方法对 5000T 油轮锚机 底座及甲板下加强结构进行强度分析。根据给出的油船总布置图、底座结构图、锚机 的布置情况及相关资料，用有限元软件建立有限元结构模型。根据实际航行情况，计 算出受锚链破断强度和舷侧上浪载荷作用时螺栓所受的轴向力和水平剪切力。对结构 模型施加边界约束和工况载荷，求解出不同情况下的应力应变值。根据强度要求和法 规规范，用强度公式进行理论分析。最后校核强度，检查锚机底座以及甲板是否符合 强度要求。为后期船体设计打下了坚实的理论数值基础，方便船体设计的改进，节约 了资源跟精力。 79119

毕业论文关键词:  锚机底座 工况载荷 有限元 强度校核 

Abstract With the increasing demand of energy, the tonnage and function of the ship is also increasing, and the automation degree of the ship industry is constantly improving。 The tanker as one of the three main types of ship, occupies a very important position in our country’s shipbuilding industry。 The base is the connecting component of the anchor and the hull。 In the actual working conditions, it is subjected to very complex loads, such as the anchor load and the wave impact in all cases。 So its strength must be large enough to ensure the safety and stability of the hull。 What’s more, the CAE technology has been in development, some previous empirical formula does not necessarily meet the accuracy requirements of the modern shipbuilding。 And together with the change of some standard, we have to use the more accurate method to check the hull strength。 In this topic, the strength analysis of the 5000T oil tanker’s anchor base and the strengthening structure under the deck is carried out by the finite element method。 According to the given oil tanker’s general arrangement plan, a base structure diagram, windlass arrangement plan and related materials, I use software to build the finite element model of the hull structure。 Calculate the bolt’s axial force and shear force in the anchor chain break and wave conditions by loading according to the actual situation of navigation。 Then, loading the structure model and calculating the corresponding stress and strain value。 Based on the strength requirement and the code of law and regulations, the theoretical analysis is carried out by using the strength formula。 Finally checking the strength of the anchor base and the strengthening structure under the deck which is in compliance with the requirements of strength。 To lay a solid theoretical basis for the design of the hull, to facilitate the improvement of the late hull design, saving resources and energy。

Keywords: Windlass base Working condition Finite element Strength check

目 录

第一章  绪论1 

1。1 选题的研究背景1 

1。1。1 油船在船舶界的发展历程1 

1。1。2 船舶锚泊设备的发展历程2 

1。2 选题的目的和意义3