摘要：压电钻削测力系统是实时监测钻削过程最基本的手段，不仅有利于计算功率损耗、研究钻削机理、优化刀具几何参数和切削用量，更重要的是在现代加工的过程当中，进行实时监控，及时反映刀具的磨破损状况，以及机床的故障、颤振引起的切削状态，以便及时控制切削过程，提高切削效率降低产品的报废率[13]。随着科学技术的高速发展，对于切削测力系统有了更加严格的要求。

本文从实际出发，根据压电晶体的压电效应，设计新型的钻削测力系统。其中论述了压电效应的原理及压电常数的物理意义。分析了压电传感器与所需测量的力之间的关系，研究其测量原理，并设计了压电晶片的布置方案，以及设计了测力仪的整体结构。应用于测量法向力，切向力和扭矩，充分利用压电传感器的特点，从实际出发，结合理论依据，设计灵敏度更高、结构简单、元件尽量少的钻削测力系统。79927

毕业论文关键词：钻削，测力系统，压电效应，灵敏度

Design of New Drilling Force Measurement System and Its Auxiliary Mechanism

Abstract:Piezoelectric drilling dynamometer system is the most basic means of drilling process, not only conducive to the calculation of power loss, drilling mechanism, optimization of tool geometry and cutting parameters, is more important in the process of modern processing, real-time monitoring, timely reflect the damage condition of grinding tool, and machine tool cutting state caused by the fault, flutter, in order to control the cutting process, improve cutting efficiency and reduce scrap products。 With the rapid development of science and technology, the cutting force measurement system has more stringent requirements。 In this paper, a new type of drilling force measuring system is designed based on the piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric crystal。 The principle of piezoelectric effect and the physical meaning of piezoelectric constant are discussed。 This paper analyzes the relationship between the piezoelectric sensor and the force to be measured, studies the measuring principle, designs the layout scheme of the piezoelectric 

wafer, and designs the whole structure of the force measuring instrument。 Applied to the measurement of the normal force, tangential force and torque, making full use of the characteristics of piezoelectric sensor, from the actual situation, combined with the theoretical basis, design of high sensitivity and simple structure, less components of drilling force measuring system。 

Key words : drilling, force measurement system, piezoelectric effect, sensitivity

目  录

1 绪论 1

1。1课题来源及意义 1

1。2课题研究背景 1

1。2。1压电测力仪的发展 1

1。2。2主要的切削测力仪类型 2

2压电测力仪测量原理 6

2。1压电效应及其常数的物理意义 6

2。2测量原理 8

 2。2。1轴向力测量原理 8

2。2。2切向力测量原理 9

2。2。3扭矩测量原理 10

3 传感器的设计 13

3。1压电晶片的外形设计 13

3。1。1压电晶体所具有的特点