摘要恶臭污染已成为限制垃圾堆肥技术发展的主要问题，其中H2S是堆肥恶臭的重要组成部分，在环境中产生巨大危害。优化堆肥工艺降低源头产生的H2S气体量，是高效低耗地解决垃圾堆肥过程H2S污染的有效途径。本项目拟建立垃圾堆肥处理H2S污染原位控制反应器，通过室内模拟实验，采用GC-MS 先进监测分析方法和现代高通量测序技术，明确不同垃圾堆肥工艺参数对H2S气体释放的影响机制，弄清H2S减量过程功能微生物群落结构演替规律，阐明垃圾堆肥过程H2S气体原位控制机理，为垃圾堆肥过程H2S污染控制新技术的开发提供理论依据。89902

利用高通量测序技术对比H2S减量较优组和较差组不同时期的微生物群落结构，结果发现，反硝化细菌所占比例则呈现先升高后降低的趋势。堆肥过程硫氧化菌（SOB）在较差工艺参数中整体百分比并没有多大变化。而在较优工艺参数中，占优势的SOB微生物始终为副球菌属Paracoccus，初始阶段的SOB菌比例明显高于较差工艺参数下的SOB菌比例，但当温度升至高温期后，SOB菌数量几乎消失，直到腐熟期才又逐渐恢复。利用冗余分析理化指标和功能性微生物对硫系恶臭释放浓度的影响关系，绿硫菌属Chlorobium，绿屈挠菌属Chloroflexus，副球菌属Paracoccus，Starkeya属，Sulfurimonas属，硫杆菌属Thiobacillus，生丝微菌属Hyphomicrobium与硫化氢和VOSC恶臭的释放浓度呈负相关。

Odor pollution has become the main problem to restrict the development of the technology of garbage compost。 H2S is an important component  of  odor  pollution, which  having a great harm to the environment。 Optimizing operating environmental factors can solve the problem of H2S and cost less comparing with other ways。 Our researchusing reactor to simulate the composting process, and results were detected by GC-MS and high-throughput sequencing。 The mechanism between operating environmental factors and H2S pollution is revealed, and a further exploration between functional microbe and H2S emission reduction also been analyzed。

Microbial community structures in the worst and the best operating reactor at different composting phases were detected by high-throughput sequencing。 In the process of composting, the proportion of denitrifying bacteria increases first and then decreases。 The percentage of sulfur oxidizing bacteria in the process parameters was not changed much during composting。 In the optimal parameters, the dominant microorganism is Paracoccus, sulfur oxidizing bacteria was higher than in poor conditions in the initial stage, but when the temperature rise , sulfur oxidizing bacteria almost disappeared, until the maturity。After analysis, Chlorobium,Chloroflexus,Paracoccus，Starkeya，Sulfurimonas, Thiobacillus andHyphomicrobium show negative correlation with concentration of hydrogen sulfide。

毕业论文关键词: 垃圾堆肥；硫化氢；高通量测序；微生物群落结构

Key words: garbage compost； hydrogen sulfide；high-throughput sequencing；Microbial community structure

目录

引言。5

1。 实验材料和实验方法6

1。1实验技术路线。。6

1。2模拟厨余垃圾堆肥反应器搭建与运行6

1。2。1模拟厨余垃圾堆肥反应器搭建。6

1。2。2堆肥原料制备及运行参数。。7

1。2。3 样品采集 9

1。3垃圾堆肥理化性质分析和测定9

1。4微生物群落结构测定与分析。 10

1。4。1堆肥样品DNA提取、PCR及高通量测序。。10

1。4。2高通量测序结果处理。11

1。4。3微生物群落结构多样性分析。。 。11

2。 垃圾好氧堆肥整体运行情况及微生物群落多性。。12