南京中山门至琵琶湖段明城墙基部维管植物多样性研究
毕业论文关键词：南京明城墙；基部植被；植物多样性；入侵植物；城市生物多样性
Study on the persity of vascular plants inhabiting near the base of Nanjing city wall of the Ming Dynasty between ZhongShan Gate and PiPa Lake
Abstract：From September 2016 to April 2017, the persity of vascular plants inhabiting near the base of Nanjing city wall of the Ming Dynasty between Zhongshan Gate and Pipa Lake has been studied, by means of 100 2 m × 0.5 m quadrats along the base of the city wall.In total, 68 species with 6325 plant inpiduals were recorded, belonging to 68 genera and 48 families. Ferns consisted of 3 species with 337 inpiduals，belonging to 3 genera and 3 families; flowering plants consisted of 65 species with 5988 inpiduals, belonging to 65 genera and 45 families. On considering dispersal mechanisms,1443 inpiduals of 26 species were adapted to bird seed dispersal，4498 inpiduals of 28 species were adapted to wind dispersal; but the dispersal mode of the other 1809 inpiduals of 14 species was uncertain. Among the vascular plants near the base of the city wall, 62 species with 5796 inpiduals are native plants, and 6 species with 439 inpiduals are alien plants. In addition, the varied plant resources and their ecological values are also analyzed, so as to provide some basic data for the management of the urban biopersity of Nanjing.
Key words: Nanjing city wall of the Ming Dynasty；Basal vegetation;Plant persity;Invasive plants;Urban biopersity
目 录
摘要1
关键词1
Abstract.1
Keywords...1
引言2
1 研究地点与方法2
1.1 研究地点.2
1.2 研究方法.2
1.2.1 城墙基部植物调查样方的设置..2
1.2.2 植物鉴定..3
2 南京明城墙基部文管植物多样性分析3
2.1 城墙基部文管植物种类组成特点.3
2.2 城墙基部文管植物的生活型特点.5
3 南京明城墙基部文管植物的传播机制6
3.1 城墙基部种子植物的果实及种子特征.6
3.2 城墙基部文管植物种子来源及其传播方式.6
4 城墙基部的乡土植物与入侵植物的利弊分析7
4.1 城墙基部乡土植物的资源价值分析.7
4.2 城墙基部入侵植物的利弊分析.8
5 南京明城墙基部文管植物的资源多样性分析8
5.1 药用价值.9
5.2 食用价值.9
5.3 生态价值...10
6 总结与讨论..10
致谢..11
参考文献..11
南京中山门至琵琶湖段明城墙基部文管植物多样性研究引言
南京明城墙历史悠久，全长33.676千米的南京明城墙[1]，规模宏大、气势磅礴，不仅是世界上规模最大的用砖砌石筑的古都城墙，也是至今我国以实物保存最长的惟一的古代都城城墙，被誉为“世界第一城垣”。经过优尔百年来自然的风化、战火的摧毁和人为的拆除，33.676千米的城墙如今只剩下约21千米，而且分为了七段[2]，现存的七段较为完整的明城墙为：即神策门一解放门段、解放门一太平门段、太平门一月牙湖段、东水关一中山南路段、汉西门、清凉门一石头城段、定淮门一狮子山段[3]。
随着战争时代的谢幕，南京明城墙的军事意义早已不复存在，而其历史纪念意义和观赏价值逐渐得到人们的广泛认可。本次实验调查的主要为解放门一太平门中的一段，即中山门至琵琶湖段的城墙基部文管植物多样性。