大丽花繁育特性的初步研究
毕业论文关键词：大丽花；繁育特性；花粉生活力；萌发率；培养基
Preliminary study on breeding characteristic in Dahlia
Abstract：The suitable germinating media，optimized temperature，storage features and germination rate differences for Dahlia pollen were studied．The results showed that: the optimal concentration of sucrose and boric acid for germination of Dahlia were sucrose 4% and boric acid 0.01%,the pollen germination reached 29.72%.The optimized temperature for pollen storage was 4℃, it would lose activity after about 35 days later. the suitable culture medium for pollen germination were H3BO3 0.01%+Ca(NO3)2•4H2O 0.03%+MgSO4•7H2O+KNO30.01%+ sucrose 4%. dahlia pollen germination rate results showed that big difference between 60 varieties, the average germination rate was 18.54%, the germination rate of the middle value of 15.00%. pollen germination rate of ‘Meierdejuzijiang ' is highest, reached 45.17%, ‘Douniuwu’ and ‘Qifei’ were no pollen varieties.
Key words: dahlia；Breeding characteristics；Pollen Viability；Germination rate；culture medium
目 录
摘要 1
关键词 1
Abstract 1
Key words 1
引言 1
1 材料与方法 2
1.1 实验材料 2
1.2 试验方法 2
1．2．1 花粉萌发培养基的筛选 2
1．2．2 花粉的储藏 2
1．2．3 花粉生活力的测定 2
1．3 数据处理 3
2 结果与分析 3
2．1 不同培养基成分对花粉萌发的影响 3
2．1．1 PEG对大丽花花粉萌发的影响 3
2．1．2 蔗糖对大丽花花粉萌发的影响 3
2．1．3 硼酸对大丽花花粉萌发的影响 3
2．1．4 蔗糖和PEG共同作用对大丽花花粉萌发的影响 4
2．2 大丽花花粉储藏特性研究 4
2．3 不同大丽花品种的花粉萌发率差异聚类分析 5
3 讨论 7
致谢 8
参考文献 8
大丽花繁育特性的初步研究
引言
大丽花(Dahlia pinnata Cav.)原产于墨西哥、危地马拉及哥伦比亚一带, 是菊科大丽花属的多年生球根草本花卉, 从夏到秋花开不绝, 具有极高的观赏价值[1]。其为了纪念一位瑞典著名的植物分类学家达尔（Dahl），而取名为大丽花。大丽花又称天竺牡丹、地瓜花、西番莲（北京）、洋芍药（广州）等，它多姿多彩，有着富丽和吉利的象征。墨西哥视它为国花，西雅图尊它为市花。在我国，大丽花能适应各地的环境条件，深受老百姓的青睐。由于它形姿优美、色彩娇艳、品种繁多、花期长、适应性强, 且易于栽培, 故已普及于世界各地[2]，广泛地应用于园林绿化、切花生产和庭院种植，同时还具有一定的药用价值。
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