摘要降压草为多年生草本植物属于菊科三七草属，别名降压神草、降压灵。是近期发现的一种治疗高血压的中草药。山东地区极少分布[1]。降压草中含有黄酮类化合物、维生素、氨基酸等有效成分。目前黄酮类化合物的提取工艺备受人们关注。从植物中提取黄酮类化合物的主要工艺有溶剂提取法、超声波法。58158

选取了提取酒精浓度、时间、液料比作为正交实验的条件，进行优化，得出最佳提取工艺条件为：提取时间为25min，乙醇浓度为70%，液料比(g/mL)为1:35。

通过静态吸附实验筛选出最佳纯化树脂为S-8大孔吸附树脂，并考察了不同上样液pH值对吸附和解析的影响以及梯度洗脱实验，结果表明用浓度为75%乙醇洗脱，能将大多数S-8大孔吸附树脂的降压草黄酮组分洗脱下来。

采用DPPH的方法分别考察了超声波辅助提取得到的黄酮初提液、大孔树脂纯化洗脱的黄酮组分的抗氧化能力，以抗坏血酸作为标准。研究发现：黄酮初提液抗氧化能力最弱，浓度为75%乙醇洗脱部分的抗氧化能力相比黄酮初提液要强，当浓度达到2mg/mL时，其DPPH自由基清除率为59%。

毕业论文关键词：降压草；黄酮；抗氧化能力

Extraction，separation and antioxidant activity of flavonoids from Antihypertensive grass

Abstract    

Antihypertensive grass is a perennial , buck, Buck alias God grass spirit, Gynura, blood, skin, red amaranth vegetable Guanyin dish back, white three seven. Antihypertensive grass contains brass compounds, vitamins, amino acids and other active ingredients. At present, the extraction process of flavonoids has attracted people's attention. The main technology of Extracting Flavonoids ,ultrasonic extraction, supercritical extraction and cellulase assisted extraction.

The experiment ethanol concentration, time and solvent to solid ratio were selected as the optimization response surface condition.The best experiment conditions were as follows: the experiment time was 25min, and the experiment ethanol concentration was 70%, the solvent to solid ratio was 1:35. 

Through the static adsorption screened the purification of the resin S-8 resin the best.It is found that 75% ethanol elution fractions elution effect is the best, the most of S-8 macroporous resin of Antihypertensive grass. 

The DPPH method was study on the antioxidant capacity of the extracts for of the extracts of the ultrasonic wave.Study found that: liquid weakest antioxidant capacity at the beginning of the ultrasonic extract, 75% ethanol elution part of antioxidant capacity by ultrasonic primary extract is stronger than that of, when the concentration reached 2mg / ml, the DPPH free radicals clear rate is equivalent to ascorbic acid, achieve59%.

Kewwords: Antihypertensive grass；antioxidant capacity；flavonoid

目录

1. 绪论 1

1.1引言 1

1.2植物中黄酮提取的研究 1

1.2.1 溶剂提取法 1

1.2.2 超声波法 1

1.3 黄酮类物质的研究进展 2

1.3.1 黄酮分离纯化研究进展 2

1.3.1.1 有机溶剂萃取法 2

1.3.1.2 大孔吸附树脂法 3

1.3.1.3 制备型HPLC色谱法 3

1.4 黄酮类物质的活性研究方法 3

1.4.1 抗氧化活性的研究方法 3

1.5 课题研究的目的和意义