摘  要:目的：研究十大功劳叶中单糖的种类和组成比例。方法：以三氯乙酸水解十大功劳叶多糖，水解产物中依次加人盐酸羟胺、吡啶和醋酸酐，衍生化反应生成乙酸酐衍生物，再利用气相色谱法检测十大功劳叶多糖的单糖组成。色谱条件：HP-5(30m*0.32mm，0.25μm).5%.phenylmethylsiloane。柱温：从155以0.4℃/min的速度升温至160℃，持续2min，再以0.1℃/min的速度升温至162℃，再以3℃/min的速度升温至169℃，再以0.2℃/min升温至171℃；载气：氮气；进样温度：235℃。结果:十大功劳叶多糖中含有鼠李糖、阿拉伯糖、木糖、甘露糖、葡萄糖和半乳糖等6种单糖成分(还含有几种未鉴定出的单糖),并测定计算出已知6种单糖的摩尔构成百分比为4%:2%:1%:3%:59%:31%。结论:该方法简便、灵敏,可以准确测定出十大功劳叶多糖中所含有的各种单糖。59238

毕业论文关键词  十大功劳叶多糖，气相色谱法，单糖组成  

Abstract: Objective: To determine the monosaccharide composition in Mahonia bealei (Fort.) Carr. Method: sample was hydrolyzed with trichloroacetic acid. Hydroxylamine hydrochloride, pyridine and acetic anhydride were added as derivative agent. The hydrolyzed monosaccharides were converted into corresponding aldoononitrile acetates. The derivatives were determined by gas chromatography using an PH-5(30mx0.32mm，0.25μm) column. Nitrogen gas was adopted as career gas. The column temperature was programmed according to the following steps: first, it was increased from 155℃ to 160℃ at a rate of 0.4℃/min and retained for 2 min; second, increased to 162℃ at a rate of 0.1℃/min ；third，increased to 169℃ at a rate of 3℃/min. Finally, increased to 171℃ at a rate of 0.2℃/min. The monosaccharides were identified, and the relative mole proportion of monosaeeharides in M bealei were determined. Results: six monosaeeharides, sueh as xylose, mannose, glucose, arabinose, rhamnose, galaetose and several unidentifiable monosaeeharides were determined in M bealei sample. The mole proportion of monosaeeharides was measured and evaluated as follows: the proportion of rhamnose, arabinose, xylose, mannose, glueose, galactose is 4%:2%:1%:3%:59%:31%. Conclusion: The method reported in this paper is simple, and it can be used for analysis of monosaccharides hydrolyzed from M bealei. 

Keywords:  Mahonia bealei (Fort.) Carr, gas chromatophy, monosaccharide composition

1 前言 6

1.1 十大功劳简介 6

1.2 糖类简介 6

1.3 气相色谱简介 7

2 仪器和试剂 8

2.1 实验仪器 8

2.2 实验试剂 8

3 操作步骤 8

3.1 多糖蛋白处理 9

3.2 去淀粉 9

3.3 水解 10

3.4 乙酰化 10

3.5 气相色谱分析 10

4 实验结果 11

结 论 12

参考文献 13

致 谢 14

1 前言

1.1 十大功劳简介

中药功劳叶来自于冬青枸骨的叶，又称为猫公刺、十大功劳等。苦、性寒、入肺、肝、肾经[1]。可养阴润肺，清热泄火。多用于虚劳内热，温病发热等证，润肺止咳。 有清热解毒之功。用治湿热痢疾，痈肿疮毒，风火牙痛多有良效。其嫩叶叫做苦丁茶、用于肝热目赤头痛症状。十大功劳叶来自于小檗科十大功劳属阔叶十大功劳的叶，广东、福建、广西、贵州等地把它作为功劳叶用，中医用于滋阴清热，主要用于肺结核，感冒的治疗[2]。十大功劳叶的提取物及其化学成分能够影响白介素的产生，并有消炎抑菌的功效[3]。阔叶十大功劳的叶、花中的天然抗氧化活性成份黄酮均有较高含量[4]。