摘要随着科技的进步，各种各样新颖的电子产品不断问世，对人们的视力产生巨大的影响，眼镜的使用人群逐渐幼龄化。现今，许多幼儿都戴上了厚厚的眼镜。许多由视神经病变所致的视觉障碍逐渐出现在许多家庭中。目前对Lhx4 基因在有关视觉障碍的研究已逐渐成熟。61316

Lhx4基因是LIM同源盒基因家族中的一员，其蛋白产物是一种神经内分泌转录因子，是垂体发育和运动神经元特化所需要的。表明Lhx4是垂体形成和垂体前叶激素分泌细胞类型特化所必需的。应用Cre-LoxP重组酶系统构建的转基因小鼠可在小鼠局部实现基因敲除，很多程度上避免小鼠过早死亡，为后续研究提供可行性。运用Six3Cre转基因小鼠作为视网膜基因敲除模式小鼠，在视网膜中敲除Lhx4，研究Lhx4在小鼠先天性夜盲症中的重要作用。本项目运用PCR的技术，有希望鉴定出Lhx4条件性敲除的夜盲症小鼠的构建的成功，根据小鼠基因的序列设计出用于基因型鉴定的引物，通过取材，提取DNA，PCR目的片段，分析PCR结果，和相应的组织器官发育阶段联系起来，指导转基因小鼠作为工具鼠应用于条件性敲除中，有助于视网膜发病机制的分析和治疗。

毕业论文关键词：Lhx4转基因小鼠，， PCR扩增，  生长发育,   基因型鉴定

Abstract With the progress of science and technology, a variety of novel electronic products continue to come out, have a huge impact on people's vision, the young crowd gradually use glasses. Nowadays, many children have to wear thick glasses. Many of the optic neuropathy caused by visual impairment appeared in many families. The Lhx4 gene in the research on visual impairment has been gradually mature. LHX4 gene is LIM homeodomain box gene family member and its protein product is a nerve endocrine transcription factor and pituitary development and movement of the neuron specializations. Gene knockout experiments show that four kinds of missing Lhx4-/- mouse pituitary anterior lobe six cell lines, they are promoting gonadal cells, prolactin cells, growth hormone cells, TSH cell, and by LHX4 LHX4 compensation. That Lhx4 is formed and pituitary hormone secretion in the anterior pituitary cell types required for specialization. Currently the CRE loxP recombination enzyme system in mice by gene targeting is widely applications, compared with the traditional transgenic technique, for application of the system of gene knock in addition to the temporal and spatial specificity, optimized the transgenic mice model. The construction of transgenic mice by the recombinant Cre-LoxP enzyme system in the local implementation of mouse gene knockout mice, largely to avoid premature death, provide the feasibility for further research. Through the construction of Lhx4-Crez gene transgenic mice model, to provide a basis for the next step tracking Lhx4-Cre expression and expression of cell fate. The project using PCR technology, is expected to identify LHX4 conditional knockout of night blindness in mice was successfully constructed, according to the mouse gene sequence design for genotyping primers, drawing, DNA extraction, PCR fragment. Analysis results PCR, corresponding organs and developmental stages linked and guidance of transgenic mice as a tool in application to conditional knock in addition, contributed to the analysis and treatment of retinal disease pathogenesis.

Keyword: Lhx4transgenic mouse；PCR increase；grown and development;  Genotype identification

第一章   引  言 6

1.1 背景介绍 6

    1.1.1视网膜的意义 7

    1.2 基因敲除原理 8

1.3 Lhx4 基因简介 8