摘要钡是一种碱土金属元素，在地球到处都有分布，对动物而言是无毒稀有元素，且过量摄入可溶性钡化合物会引起钡中毒。本实验目的在于研究钡离子对鲫鱼的行为、体重、心脏几种ATP酶例如Na+K+-ATPase、Mg2+-ATPase、Ca2+ATPase、Ca2+Mg2+-ATPase酶活性的影响。将20条鲫鱼随机分为四组，每组5条，分别投放入四个水箱（24  h持续充氧），饲养96小时，期间不喂食，不换水。记录实验前后鲫鱼的体重变化、实验期间鲫鱼的行为变化，测定心脏组织中Na+K+-ATPase、Mg2+-ATPase、Ca2+-ATPase、Ca2+Mg2+-ATPase酶的活性。数据处理后发现：四组鲫鱼体重均减少，且实验组比对照组减少更为明显；活动也渐渐变慢；经测定，在0.1 mmol/LBa2+浓度环境中，Na+K+-ATPase、Mg2+-ATPase、Ca2+-ATPase、Ca2+Mg2+-ATPase酶活力较对照组依次下降了41.58%、25.13%、64.85%、52.58%；在1 mmol/LBa2+浓度环境中，Na+K+-ATPase、Mg2+-ATPase、Ca2+-ATPase、Ca2+Mg2+-ATPase酶活力较对照组依次下降了38.51%、4.85%、31.08%、41.14%；在2 mmol/LBa2+浓度环境中，Na+K+-ATPase、Mg2+-ATPase、Ca2+-ATPase、Ca2+Mg2+-ATPase酶活力对照组依次下降了27.90%、36.72%、75.13%、69.16%。总之，Ba2+对Na+K+-ATPase、Mg2+-ATPase、Ca2+-ATPase 与Ca2+Mg2+ATPase酶活性均呈抑制作用。分析不同浓度钡离子对鲫鱼心脏组织的影响，可以为水污染检测提供资料。71688

该论文有图6幅，表3个，参考文献14篇。

毕业论文关键词：钡  鲫鱼  心脏  Na+K+-ATPase  Ca2+-ATPase  Ca2+Mg2+-ATPase

Effect of Barium on the Activity of Several ATP Enzymes in the Heart of Carassius auratus

Abstract Barium is a kind of alkaline earth metal elements distributed everywhere                in the earth. For animals, it is non-toxic and rare elements, and excessive intake of soluble barium compounds can cause barium poisoning. The purpose of this study was to study the effect of barium ions on the behavior, weight, and several ATP enzymes, activities of Carassius auratus such as Na+K+-ATPase, Mg2+-ATPase, Ca2+Mg2+-ATPase and Ca2+ATPase enzyme. Twenty Carassius auratus were randomly pided into four groups, each with five, respectively, and put into the four water tanks for 96 hours, during which no feeding, do not change the water. Changes in body weight before and after the experiment and behavior of Carassius auratus during the experiment were recorded, and the Na+K+-ATPase, Mg2+-ATPase, Ca2+-ATPase and Ca2+Mg2+-ATPase enzyme in the heart tissue activities were determined. The experimental results showed that four groups of Carassius auratus weight were reduced, and the experimental group was more obvious than the control group; Carassius auratus, behavioral activity become slow; and after determination, in 0.1 mmol/L of  Ba2+, the  activity of  Na+K+-ATPase, Mg2+-ATPase, Ca2+-ATPase and Ca2+Mg2+-ATPase enzyme decreased by 41.58%, 25.13%, 64.85%, 52.58% compared to the control group, indicating that the inhibitory effect of Ba2+ on the activity of Ca2+-ATPase was the largest; in 1 mmol/L of  Ba2+, the activity of  Na+K+-ATPase, Mg2+-ATPase, Ca2+-ATPase and Ca2+Mg2+-ATPase enzyme decreased by 38.51%、4.85%、31.08%、41.14% than the control group, indicating that the inhibitory effect of Ba2+ on the activity of Ca2+Mg2+-ATPase was the largest; in 2 mmol/L of  Ba2+,, the  activity of  Na+K+-ATPase, Mg2+-ATPase, Ca2+-ATPase and Ca2+Mg2+-ATPase enzyme decreased by 27.90%、36.72%、75.13%、69.16% than the control group, indicating that the inhibitory effect of Ba2+ on the activity of Ca2+-ATPase was the largest. In a word, the activity of Na+-K+-ATPase、Mg2+-ATPase、Ca2+-ATPase and Ca2+Mg2+-ATPase enzyme were decreased. Analyzing the effect of different concentrations of barium ions on the heart tissue of Carassius auratus will provide information for the detection of water pollution.