Bio-informatics Analysis of Bradyrhizobium Polyphenol Oxidase
Abstract:Bradyrhizobium polyphenol oxidase is a kind of copper metalloenzymes widely found in plants, animals, fungi , which was more researched in plants and little studied in microbes. We queryed and download three protein sequence of the Bradyrhizobium polyphenol oxidase from the NCBI database. We are analyzed their basic physical and chemical properties, subcellular localization, transmembrane region, phosphorylation site analysis, and secondary and tertiary structure and evolutionary analysis to understand the related information between structure and function. The results showed that there was not a significant transmembrane region and the signal peptide sequence in the N-terminus of the protein. it was localized in the cytoplasm, belong to mitochondria -target protein , comprising a plurality of different phosphorylation sites; the three selected short Rhizobium polyphenol oxidase had obvious difference in sequence length and isoelectric point , were stable globular proteins, and the 20 amino acids composition in sequence was close;α-helix and random coil were main secondary structure. Evolutionary analysis showed that the bradyrhizobium polyphenol oxidase had higher sequence similarity with their homology protein from Afipia broomeae genus, nitrifying bacteria genus, genus nitrate, Rhodopseudomonas palustriss because they had close evolutionary distance. All results provide a theoretical basis for further research.
Keywords: Bradyrhizobium; Polyphenol oxidase; Bioinformatics analysis
目 录
摘 要 1
引 言 2
1 材料和方法 2
1.1 材料来源 2
1.2 生物信息学分析软件 3
2 结果与分析 3
2.1生物信息学分析 3
2.1.1 基本理化性质分析 3
2.1.2亚细胞定位、跨膜区、信号肽分析 5
2.1.3 短根瘤菌属多酚氧化酶磷酸化分析 6
2.1.4 短根瘤菌属的多酚氧化酶二级结构、蛋白紊乱区、球蛋白区预测 7
2.2 短根瘤菌属多酚氧化酶三级结构预测分析 8
2.2.1蛋白质三级结构的预测 8
2.2.2 对三级结构预测结果的评价 9
2.3 同源蛋白的比较和同源进化树的构建 10
3 讨论与结论 11
参考文献 12
致 谢 13
短根瘤菌属多酚氧化酶的生物信息学分析 引 言
1982年,D.C.乔丹将所有能够在大豆上有效结瘤的慢生型根瘤菌定名为慢生根瘤菌属,又叫短根瘤菌属[1]。它能与豆科植物共生,然后形成根瘤,进而共生固氮,为豆科植物的生长提供氮素,这样不仅能够培肥地力,而且能够增加产量,进而改善植物的品质。多酚氧化酶(polyphenol oxidase, PPO)也称酪氨酸氧化酶,是由核基因编码的含铜金属酶,广泛存在于动物、植物和微生物中,能引发酶促褐变反应。通常PPO与底物被区域化分开,PPO以潜伏状态存在于质体中,而底物存在于液泡中,当植物体内发生紊乱或组织受损时,PPO与底物的亚细胞区域化被打破,底物被激活形成黑色或褐色的沉积物,这是果蔬等农产品发生酶促褐变的主要原因[2]。早在1883年科学家就发现日本漆树树汁变硬可能与某种活性物质有关。1894年这种物质首次被研究,发现它是一种酶蛋白[2]。自上世纪优尔十年代以来,植物PPO的研究就受到了国内外学者的广泛关注,已相继研究了蘑菇(Smith et a1.,1962)、香蕉(Palmer,1963)、荔枝(Lee et a1.,1963)、梨(Tate et a1.,1964)、苹果(Hard,1965)、菜蓟(Leoni et a1.,1990)等不同植物组织的PPO[3-5]。另外,PPO是茶叶酶学中研究最多的一种酶,对茶叶品质形成有很重要的作用,并且不同类型的茶叶要求不同活性的多酚氧化酶[10]。目前对多酚氧化酶的研究多集中在植物PPO的研究,而有关微生物PPO的研究较少,尤其对短根瘤菌属PPO的研究鲜见报道。因此,本研究从NCBI数据库中获取短根瘤菌属的多酚氧化酶蛋白序列,利用生物信息学方法,研究其序列结构特征,进化信息等,以揭示其功能,了解其生物合成、代谢和运输信息,为利用微生物PPO酶提供帮助。