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摘要： 本实验是对山药多糖的提取工艺探究以及对工艺的优化，得出最佳提取条件应用于山药多糖的提取。通过改变山药预处理,改变提取方式，包括水提法、超声波提取法和复合酶提取法等，提取过程中提取温度、提取时间、物水质量比及提取次数,重复性等因素，实验以山药多糖收率为指标。结果表明:山药多糖的较优提取工艺为预处理时间(2 +2)h, 提取时间3h, 提取温度 85 ℃, 物料比为1∶60, 提取次数3次；醇沉时间为4小时、乙醇浓度为80%、乙醇体积比为1：4，这样的提取工艺操作重复性好,得到山药多糖较多且溶剂回收再利用可行。49719
毕业论文关键词: 山药多糖；提取工艺；收率；溶剂回收
Extraction technology and optimization of Polysaccharide from Yam
Abstract:In this study, the extraction process of Polysaccharides from Chinese yam was optimized, and the extraction conditions were obtained. Through changing pretreatment of the Chinese yam, Including water extraction, ultrasonic extraction and compound enzyme method, etc. changing extraction in the process of extraction temperature, extraction time, material water ratio and extraction times, repeatability of experimental yam polysaccharide yield as the index . The results showed that the optimal extraction technology of Chinese yam polysaccharide was 2 h,the extraction time is 2 h, the extraction time is 3 h, the extraction temperature is 85 degrees C, the material water ratio is 1: 40, and the extraction times is 3 times. The alcohol precipitation time was 4 hours, the ethanol concentration was 80%, and the ethanol volume ratio was 1:4.The extraction process has good repeatability, and can be used in the process of extracting polysaccharide from Chinese yam and recycling of the solvent.
KeyWords: Yam; Extraction; Yield; Solvent Recovery
目 录
1. 绪论 1
1.1 多糖的研究概况 1
1.1.1 多糖简介 1
1.1.2 多糖的结构解析 1
1.2 山药多糖研究概况 2
1.2.1 山药多糖简介 2
1.1.2 山药多糖的结构鉴定 2
1.1.3 山药多糖的生理、药理功能 3
1.2 山药多糖的提取技术 3
1.2.1 脱蛋白的方法 3
1.2.2 破坏细胞壁的方法 4
1.2.3 山药多糖的脱色工艺 4
1.2.4 多糖提取的方法 5
1.3 山药多糖含量的测定方法 6
1.3.1 紫外-可见分光光度法 6
1.3.2 高效液相色谱法 6
2.材料与方法 7
2.1 实验材料及仪器 7
2.2 实验原理 7
2.2 实验方法 8
2.3.1 绘制标准曲线 8
2.3.2 换算公式的确定 9
2.3.3 山药多糖不同提取方法对比 9
2.3.4 山药多糖提取工艺的优化 10
2.3.5 正交实验探究山药粗多糖的提取条件 11
3.结果与分析 12
3.1 标准曲线的制作