摘要根据空气动力学原理，小口径步枪在射击时，枪膛内推动子弹的火药的爆炸和燃烧会产生爆轰波，子弹出膛后若飞行的速度大于局部声速就会产生弹头激波。故对枪声信号中弹头激波进行分析，可用来研究射击点的位置，枪械口径，子弹飞行的弹道参数。正是在这一应用背景下，本课题对超音速弹头激波来向变化特征进行了分析。64175

本文录制了一个7.62毫米步枪在同一环境不同的采集系统位置射击时发出的枪声信号。选取几组实测数据进行分析，讨论了采集装置的位置等因素对枪声信号的影响，并且定量地分析这组实测超音速弹头激波的来向变化情况, 用Matlab软件拟合超音速弹头激波来向的时变曲线，发现其时延随时间发生振荡变化，并且受到弹头激波相对麦克风阵元的入射角的影响。

毕业论文关键词  超音速  弹头激波  时变曲线  

毕业设计说明书（论文）外文摘要

Title    Analysis of supersonic bullet shock signal variation characteristics 

Abstract Based on aerodynamics ，when the velocity of bull is faster than the locality sound velocity there will be shock wave.So when rifle firing is shooting，the gunpowder pushing bull in pore will burst and burn，then comes  muzzle wave，bullet muzzle after supersonic flight will produce the warhead blast wave.Reflect the characters of flying track and characters of the bull.Through the warhead shockwave signal detection and recognition to figure out the  the location of sniper，the gun caliber，ballistic parameter of  the flight  bullet .So means lot to study on the bullet shock wave .In this application，characteristics of the shock  wave signal were studied.

       Based on the signal of a group of recorded under different conditions of 7.62 mm  rifle firing ,the influence caused by  architecture，terrain collecting device location and so on，of the signal are discussed in detail.Then according to the detection method of warhead shock wave signal，we collect several groups of experimental data Required.

Quantitative analysis of a group of experimental data of  Supersonic bullet shock wave changes  against the original lab data ,use matlab to fitting the change curve,find out time-delay  oscillate over time .and effected by  insert angle.

Keywords   Supersonic  Shock wave  Time-varying curves      

1 绪论 1

1．1 研究意义与背景 1

1．2 国内外研究动态 1

1．3 论文主要工作和组织结构 3

2 枪声信号的特点和激波信号的检测识别 4

2．1 弹头激波和爆轰波 4

2．2 检测方法 7

2．3 识别原理 9

3 弹头激波信号的采集与分析 10

3．1 基数字麦克风阵列音频信号采集系统 10

3．2 数字采集试验环境 11

4 对弹头激波的处理和分析 12

4．1 基于双麦克风的声源定位法 12

4．2 运用matlab对时延随时间变化进行拟合仿真 18

结  论 28

致  谢 29

参考文献 30

附录曲线的拟合函数