摘    要

盐官镇是海宁市南部一个历史悠久的市镇，自唐宋时已是当时盐官县的县城，此后千余年一直作为海宁县（州）的治所。由于杭州湾北岸优越的地理位置，近代盐官将产盐业与过塘运输业作为其经济发展的重要支柱并且逐渐成为一个商贾云集，市肆繁荣的南北货物集散地和海运中转站。随着近代新式交通的出现、兵灾以及政策等一系列客观因素的出现，盐官镇的发展速率在二十世纪上半叶渐趋缓慢并且出现了绝对性的衰落。钱塘江大桥的建成、沪杭铁路的通车等交通条件的改变，使盐官旧有的运输体系受到了极大的冲击,加之南京国民政府统治时期颁布的不利于盐业发展的政策以及抗日战争的破坏等多方面因素，盐官的商业和中转运输业受到了沉重打击，经济发展趋于停滞。然而除了绝对性的衰落以外，海宁境内的另一个重要市镇——硖石镇因沪杭铁路在当地建站日渐成为商品和资金的集散中心，经济发展迅速，这就造成了盐官镇的相对性衰落。随着经济中心逐渐向硖石镇转移，盐官政治中心的地位亦很快为硖石镇所取代。1949年海宁县治自盐官镇至硖石镇的迁移便是盐官行政地位下降最直观的表现。近二十年来，当地政府开始重视盐官镇旅游资源的开发和维护，盐官正作为观潮胜地重新焕发着生机。85240

毕业论文关键词：江南市镇；盐官；近代交通；衰落

Abstract

   Yanguan is a historic town in the southern part of Haining。 During the Tang and Song Dynasties, Yanguan has already been located in Yanguan County, the county government。 Coupled with north shore of Hangzhou Bay, the superior geographical position, Yanguan gradually developed into a maritime transit station and distribution center for the goods which come from the north and south。 The Guotang is the main form of Yanguan, which allow the goods from the north and south to radiate to all directions。 During the boom years, only at the East Gate, there are more than a thousand dockers。 Boats come and go from morning to the night and never stop。 With the emergence of modern traffic, policy, disaster of war and a series of objective factors, in the first half of twentieth Century, the development of Yanguan was gradually slow and there was an absolute decline。 The main reason of that lies in the completion of the Qiantang Bridge, the passage of Shanghai railway。 And this change of traffic conditions had a great impact on the old transportation system。 condition changes on Yanguan old transport system produced a great impact。 At the same time, the Nanjing national government promulgated policy which is not conducive to the development of industry of salt and the destruction of the war f resistance against Japan and other factors。 The trade of industry of salt and transit transportation suffered a heavy impact。 The economy tends to be a depression。 However, in addition to the absolute decline, other towns in Haining had been developing rapidly because of new opportunities for development, which made the appearance of relative decline in Yanguan in the first decades of twentieth Century。 For example, due to the construction of the Shanghai— Hangzhou railway station in the local, Xiashi town become the center of distribution of goods and capital, whose economy also become more prosperous。 As the economic center gradually transferred to Xiashi, the political center position of Yanguan was also soon replaced by Xiashi。 The most intuitive form of de decreased administrative status of Yanguan was: since 1949, the Haining County migration from Yanguan to Xiashi。 In the past twenty years, the local government began to attach importance to the development and maintenance of Yanguan town's tourism resource, because of that, Yanguan is known to the world as a wonderful place for watching the tide。