摘要材料和构件的厚度不仅能反映出被测物体最基本的厚度信息，还可以分析材 料的使用状况，所以检测材料和构件的厚度是非常重要的。检测材料在使用过程 中受腐蚀后的减薄程度，就可以对材料进行检查、修理和控制。这是保证材料和 构件完整性的一个重要的方法。在产品的生产过程中，实时对成品的厚度进行测 量，可以实现对产品质量的控制，减少生产成本。现如今厚度测量在工业生产中 已经具有了相当重要的地位。 79838

通过对现有的测厚仪的优缺点进行比较分析，选择使用超声测厚仪来进行实 验,并对超声波的各种特性进行分析和研究。对超声测厚的方法进行讨论并设计 四个实验来模拟超声测厚在生活实践中的应用。实验分别对塑料管材，PET 瓶进 行厚度测量，对腐蚀的钢铁试块进行厚度测量，对合金钢和铝合金材料进行了弹 性模量的计算。然后根据超声测厚的原理设置探头，校准声速。在实验中通过测 量得到厚度信息和声速，实验后运用得到的数据分析并得到最终的结论。 

毕业论文关键词：超声波 腐蚀 测厚

Abstract Not only does the thickness of the material and components reflect the fundamental thickness information, but also the usage of materials。 So thickness measuring of materials and components is of great importance。 What we should do is to measure the thinning degree of materials that has been corroded, after which it can inspect, repair and control the materials。 Such was a very critical method of maintaining the integrity of materials and components。 During the process of production, measuring the thickness of finished product on time can control  the quality of products and reduce the cost of production。 Nowadays thickness measurement has acquired a very important position in industrial production。

Ultrasonic Thickness Gauge is chosen in order to analyze various properties of ultrasonic waves through comparing the advantages and disadvantages of existing thickness gauges。 Ultrasonic thickness measurement methods are discussed  and design four experiments to simulate the domestic practice of ultrasonic thickness。 These experiments include both the measurement of plastic pipe measurement and PET bottle thickness, the measurement of corrosion of the steel specimen thickness and calculation on the elastic modulus of Alloy steel and aluminum materials。 Then set the probe and calibrate the speed of sound according to the principles of ultrasonic thickness measurement。 During these experiments, Information of thickness  and speed of sound has been acquired。 Finally the conclusion has been acquired by analyzing the data obtained before。

Keywords: Ultrasonic wave Corrosion Thickness measurement

目录

第一章 绪论 。 1

1。1 研究的背景 1

1。2 超声测厚的应用 2

1。3 国内外研究现状 3

1。4 本文的研究内容 5

第二章 理论背景 。 6

2。1  超声波相关理论背景 6

2。2。1 超声波的优点与声学特性 6

2。1。2 超声波的分类 8

2。1。3 超声波的传播特性 10

2。1。4 超声波衰减 12

2。2。超声测厚的方法 12

2。2。1 共振法