摘要随着现代科学技术的迅猛发展,柴油发电机组向着大功率、大扭矩、轻量化的方 向发展,随之而来的是其机组振动特性的恶化。柴油机发电机组的有害振动,会造成 机械设备的结构强度破坏、结构噪声等一系列负面影响。单层隔振系统是大型柴油发 电机组普遍采用的隔振降噪方式,此方式结构简单、维护方便且能很好地保证设计要 求。81524
本文以 9L21/31+AMG 0560 柴油发电机组为研究对象,以多刚体法为理论支撑, 利用 MATLAB 数学编程软件,计算在理论设计安装方式下的隔振系统固有特性及在 激励力作用下的隔振系统强迫振动响应。其次通过 B&K Pulse 软件,分别在初始状 态、第一次更换隔振器(60 度)、更换柴电机组挠性管路及第二次更换隔振器(50 度) 四种状态下,进行模态及振动响应实验,探寻振动异常原因。最后,基于有限元思想, 利用 ANSYS 仿真软件,通过命令流改变边界条件及刚度赋值,使仿真模态与实验误 差在 3。5%以内,确定柴电机组隔振器、排烟管、附加管路实际状态下的刚度值。
毕业论文关键词:柴油发电机组;隔振;多刚体法;模态;响应
Abstract With the rapid development of modern science and technology, diesel generators develop toward high-power, high torque and lightweight direction, followed by a deterioration of the vibration characteristics。 Harmful vibration of diesel generator set, will cause damage to the structural strength of machinery and equipment, construction noise and so on。 Single layer vibration isolation system is a widely used method of vibration isolation for large diesel generator sets。 This method is simple in structure and can guarantee the design requirements。
This paper, based on the theory of multi - rigid body method, takes the 9L21/31+AMG 0560 diesel generator set as the research object。 Firstly, in the paper, the inherent characteristics of the system and the forced vibration isolation system response under the excitation force are calculated by using the MATLAB programming software。 Secondly, we conduct modal and vibration response experiments in four working condition, using B & K Pulse software, to explore the reasons for abnormal vibration。 Finally, based on the finite element theory, we change the boundary conditions and the stiffness by the command stream in ANSYS software。 The error between simulation and experiment is reduced to 3。5%, so that we find the stiffness of the isolator, the smoke exhaust pipe and the additional line in the actual condition。
Key words: diesel generator set; multi-body theory; vibration isolation; modality; response
目 录
第一章 绪 论 1
1。1 本课题研究背景及意义 1
1。2 船舶柴油机隔振技术应用与发展现状 2
1。2。1 隔振技术研究现状 2
1。2。2 隔振系统建模综述 3
1。3 船舶柴油机隔振器损坏诊断研究现状 4
1。3。1 橡胶隔振器损伤机理研究 5
1。3。2 橡胶隔振器损坏的控制措施 5
1。4 本文的工作内容 5
第二章 柴电机组隔振计算的基本原理 6