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从译者角度试析《论语》英译本的翻译比较
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Acknowledgements
My writing of this thesis has smoothly come to an end, and I hereby would like to convey my sincere gratitude to the following people for their selfless dedication and contribution to my thesis.
My profound gratitude first goes to Mr. Liu Wenliang, my supervisor, for his constant guidance and encouragement in the process of my writing. He generously spent his precious time and shared his considerable and constructive advice during the process of my paper. Under his careful and patient guidance, I begin to get a clear idea of the paper and fully frame it out.
Besides, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to other teachers in my college life, especially my translation course teacher Yuan Bing, it was her that made translation become an interesting thing in my mind. I am also very grateful to my classmates, for their encouragement and help.
Abstract
The Analects is one of the classics of the Confucian school that was recorded by Confucius’ disciples. It is described based on the literary form of the dialogues between Confucius and his disciples. It records Confucius’s and his disciples’ words and deeds, including political views of Confucius, thought of logic, moral concept and principles of education. The Analects has been translated into multiple languages, among which the English translations are numerous. There are more than twenty English versions, and new versions appear constantly day by day.
The author has chosen four famous English versions by James Legge, Arthur Waley, Ku Hung-ming and Lin Yutang to analyze the persity and misunderstandings in the translation versions. The first chapter is the introduction: Confucius, the history of The Analects, the connotation of it and four famous translation versions of it. The second chapter, the literature review, introduces the previous studies on the four major translation versions and the author’s direction of study. The third chapter, as the main body part of the thesis, analyzes the different translations of some key concepts, different translations of the same sentence and the misunderstandings in the four major translations. The fourth chapter, from the perspective of translators, explores causes of the persity in translating The Analects. The author finds that the culture background has a great impact on the translation purposes, which further determine the translation strategies and finally the perse expressions. The fifth chapter is conclusion, which concludes the causes of persity and misunderstandings in the four translation version.
The author wishes to explain the causes of different translation versions of The Analects through the analysis of the persity of translating it. The author finds that there are two major reasons for the persity: one is the limitation of translators’ understanding in Chinese culture and the original text; the other one is their different translation purposes.
Key words: Analects, concepts, misunderstandings, cultural background, translation purposes
摘要
《论语》是儒家学派的经典之作，由孔子的弟子编撰而成， 主要以对话为主体，记录了孔子的言行，集中体现了孔子的政治主张，伦理思想，道德观和教育原则。《论语》先后被各国学者翻译成多种语言，其中，英译本较为繁多，大约有二十多个译本，而且不断地有新的英译本的涌现。
本文选取了四位较为著名的大家之作，分别是理雅各、韦利、辜鸿铭和林语堂的英译本，对论语的翻译的多样性以及翻译中存在的错误进行了研究分析。第一章绪论，介绍了《论语》的作者孔子、论语的发展历史、《论语》的主要内涵以及四大著名《论语》英译本。第二章文献综述，介绍前人对这四个著名的英译本的研究以及作者的研究方向。第三章是现象分析，分析了四位译者对论语中一些主要概念词的不同翻译、对同样句子的不同翻译以及翻译过程中存在的一些误解。第四章是探索原因，从译者角度出发解释了不同背景对翻译目的的影响，并进一步阐明不同的翻译目的决定了不同的翻译策略。第五章总结了导致译本多样性和翻译中存在错误的原因。20744