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摘 要习语作为人类智慧的结晶，是语言的重要组成部分。他们承载了丰厚的文化信息。虽然汉英习语有一些共同特征，但是由于文化差异他们有很大的不同。本文通过大量熟悉的例子介绍了汉英习语之间的相似和差异之处，同时还提出了习语翻译的四种方法：直译法，意译法，替代翻译法，直译和异译相结合的方法。文化差异对习语的形成有很大的影响，而同时文化因素也是习语翻译中的难点。因此，研究汉英习语之间的文化差异有利于我们理解习语中的文化因素，从而采取正确的翻译方法。21714
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关键词：习语；文化差异；翻译
Abstract Idioms, as the crystallization of human wisdom, are an important part of language. They are heavily-loaded with cultural information. Although they share some common grounds, Chinese and English idioms differ greatly due to cultural differences. This paper investigates the similarity and differences between Chinese and English idioms through numerous well-known examples. Meanwhile, it proposes four methods for idioms translation: literal translation, free translation, substitution translation, combination of literal and free translation. Cultural differences have great influence on idioms formation, and the culture factors in idioms pose great difficulty in idioms translation. Thus, exploring the cultural differences between Chinese and English idioms will help us to comprehend the cultural elements in idioms and adopt proper translation skills.
Key words: idioms; cultural differences; translation
Cultural Differences and Translation of Chinese and English Idioms
Contents
摘 要 iii
Abstract iii
I. Introduction 3
II. Chinese and English Idioms 3
2.1 The Definitions of Chinese and English Idioms 3
2.2 The Characteristics of Chinese and English Idioms 3
2.2.1 Structure and Stability 3
2.2.2 Semantic Unity and Lack of Motivation 3
2.2.3 Stylistic Characteristics 3
2.3 The Similarity Between Chinese and English Idioms 3
III. Cultural Differences Reflected in Chinese and English Idioms 3
3.1 Differences in Living Environments 3
3.2 Differences in Customs and Habits 3
3.3 Differences in Religious Beliefs 3
3.4 Differences in Historical Allusions 3
IV. Idioms Translation 3
4.1 Problems in the Translation of Chinese and Enlish Idioms 3
4.1.1 Misunderstanding and Literal Interpretation 3
4.1.2 Incorrect Substitution 3
4.1.3 Losing the Original Flavor 3
4.2 Principles and Methods to Deal with Cultural Differences in Idioms Translation 3
4.2.1 Principles 3
4.2.2 Methods 3
V. Conclusion 3
Bibliography 3
Acknowledgements 3
I. Introduction
Strictly speaking, idioms are expressions not readily understandable from the literal meanings of inpidual constituents. Semantic unity and structural stability are two characteristics of idiom (W.Y. Zhang 25). The term idiom is used throughout this paper in its broad sense, referring to sayings, set phrases, two part allegorical sayings, allusions and so on. Each language, Chinese and English, has a long history with large quantities of idioms, which are characterized by such features as conciseness and vividness. Because of the differences in geography, history, religion and beliefs, customs etc, Chinese and English idioms are closely connected with cultures and traditions, and they reflect different national characteristics and are loaded with rich cultural information.