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摘要东西方由于社会历史、宗教信仰及价值观念等方面的差异，逐渐塑造出各自不同的文化。以当前的消费观念为例，中美两国人民在消费理念、消费对象和消费目的上有着明显的分歧，这些分歧也具体体现了东西方文化的差异。本论文旨在对中美消费观念的差异加以比较，从文化的角度分析造成这种差异的主要原因，探讨中美两国文化的差异；进而使人们能理性看待中国人的消费行为、理解美国人的消费观念，认识到消费观念所反映出的深层次的文化差异，从而更加尊重东西方的文化差异。33608
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毕业论文关键词：消费观念；中美文化；文化差异
Abstract Owing to the pergence of religions and values in history, persity of cultures between the east and the west exists at all levels of cultural life. Taking the discrepancies of the present consumption conceptions for example, it is obvious that Chinese and Americans have different views on attitudes, objects and aims of consumption, whereas these discrepancies incarnate the heterogeneity of the eastern and western culture. Accordingly this paper tends to compare different consumption conceptions between Chinese and the Americans and discover causes for this phenomenon from the cultural perspective, which will lead to the analysis of the Chinese and American cultural differences. Through the above analyses, the paper aims at promoting people to take Chinese consumption behaviors with a rational attitude, comprehend American consumption conceptions with a deep understanding of the cultural pergence reflected by different consumption conceptions and respect the cultural differences between the East and the West.
Keywords: consumption conceptions; Chinese and American culture; cultural differences
Contents
摘 要 i
Abstract ii
I. Introduction 1
II. A Brief Retrospection of Consumption Conceptions 2
2.1 Definition and Changing Process in History 2
2.2 Typical Types of Consumption Conceptions 3
III. Different Consumption Views Between Chinese and Americans 4
3.1 Chinese vs. Americans in Attitudes to Consumption 4
3.2 Chinese vs. Americans in Objects of Consumption 6
3.3 Chinese vs. Americans in Aims of Consumption 7
IV. Explanation of the Discrepancies in Terms of Culture 8
4.1 Cultural Explanations From Anthroposophy Respect 8
4.2 Cultural Explanations From Values Respect 10
4.3 Cultural Explanations From Interpersonal Relationships 12
V. Conclusion 14
Bibliography 16
Acknowledgements 17
Cultural Differences in Consumption Conceptions: a Comparative Study between China and the United States
I. Introduction
Culture, defined as “a complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, morals, law, custom, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society” (Tyler1), has been regarded as one criterion of the heterogeneity of this world. Meanwhile cultural differences between the east and the west can be embodied in many respects. One of them is consumption, which is subordinate to culture and influenced by culture. The paper lays emphasis on a comparative research of the discrepancies between Chinese and American culture reflected in the consumption conceptions. It attempts to study the differences of conceptions such as people’s attitudes, objects and aims of consumption in China and America. Accordingly, the cultural differences such as humanity, values and interpersonal relationships are discussed in the following chapter.