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摘要本文重在探讨文化差异对英语明喻汉译的影响。首先，本文讨论了在文化背景下， 文化和语言的关系，接下来讨论文化差异及其对明喻的使用和翻译的影响，然后阐述了明喻的定义，影响其使用的因素和功能，以及如何在我们日常生活和文学领域中选择使用明喻。接下来分析了英语明喻的汉译，对此，本文提出了翻译过程中的原则和技巧问题。翻译时，翻译者要把前面所提到的文化因素考虑进来。有对文化差异有足够的了解时，他才能更好地加深对明喻翻译的研究。7530
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关键词：文化差异；明喻；原则和技巧
Abstract This article focuses on discussing the influence of culture differences on English-Chinese simile translation. At the beginning this paper explores under the culture background, the relation between culture and language,and then it comes to culture differences, and cultural influence on the similes use and translation. Similes are then explored, including its definition; affecting factors and functions, and how they are chosen to be used in our daily life and literary field. At last, the paper analyzes the English-Chinese simile translation through examples, focusing on the translating principles and skills. In this job, the author of this paper has to think about what she has discussed at the beginning, that is the culture factors.Only when someone has enough knowledge about culture differences, can he furthers the study on similes translation.
Key words: culture differences; simile; principles and skill
Cultural Influence on English-Chinese Simile Translation
Contents
摘 要 i
Abstract ii
I. Introduction 1
II. Culture and Simile 2
2 .1 Defintion and Characteristics of Culture 2
2 .2 Defintion and Function of Simile 4
2 .3 Relation Between Culture and Simile 6
III. Cultural Influences on Simile 8
3 .1Culture Differences Reflected in Simile 8
3 .2The Influencing Factors on Simile 10
3.2.1 The Geography Culture 10
3.2.2 Psychology Culture 10
3.2.3 Custom Culture 11
Ⅳ. Principles and Skills in Simile Translating 12
4 .1 Principles in Translating a Simile 12
4 .2 Skills in Translating a Simile 13
4 .2 .1 Reshowing the Image 13
4 .2 .2 Replacing the Image 13
4 .2 .3 Replenishing the Image 13
4 .2 .4 Omiting the Image 14
Ⅴ. Conclusion 14
Bibliography 17
Acknowledgments 18
I. Introduction
Because of the differences between English and Chinese culture and the differences between English words and Chinese words, some similes or metaphors were affected when translated into the target-language. In translating them, to keep the artistic conception of the original works, the translator should, in accordance with different situation, apply one of the following approaches, literal translation, free translation, replacement, the combination of literal and free translation or abridged translation.
In Nida article“From 0ne Language to Another : On Functional Equivalence in the Translation of me Bibles”, he modified his previous“Dynamic Equivalence”and proposed the“Functional Equivalence”which requires that the source and the translation be equivalent not only in content but also in form as much as possible. (Nida 7) Compared with the former, the latter is more convincing. Again in 1993, Nida proposed in his book-language; culture and translation the Double Level Theory on Equivalence in translation. He points out that me so-called “Equivalence” can be categorized into the Maximal Equivalence and the Minimal Equivalence. (Nida 65)