从《雾都孤儿》看资本主义社会对孤儿成长的影响

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Abstract Oliver Twist written by the British writer Charles Dickens tells a story of the Oliver Twist who manages to grow up in the capitalist society. According to Marx’s theory of relationship between human and environment, this paper aims to analyze Oliver’s miserable life under the influence of brutal capitalist environment and point out the impact the capitalist society exerted on the growth of the orphans. For the healthy growth of the orphans, society should play a role of guaranteeing basic material needs for the orphans, and providing proper education and warm families full of love for them. Oliver Twist had a great impact on the English society then, for not only did the image of an orphan reflect the situation of the society, but also brought light to the reality to all people that we should offer kids a warm family, and a happy childhood as well as calling for sympathy and care for orphans from the public.54288

Keywords: Charles Dickens; Oliver Twist; capitalist society; orphan; influence

摘要英国作家查尔斯·狄更斯的《雾都孤儿》讲述了在资本主义社会，孤儿奥利弗的艰辛成长过程。本文依据马克思关于人与环境关系理论，分析在当时资本主义社会恶劣的环境下奥利弗的悲惨生活状况，指出了资本主义社会对孤儿成长的影响。为了孤儿的健康成长，社会应该给孤儿们基本的物质保障，提供正当的文化教育和正常的家庭温暖和爱。《雾都孤儿》在当时的英国社会造成了巨大的影响。这一孤儿形象的塑造不单单是反映出了当时英国资本主义社会的状况，更主要是对现实的启示：给孩子一个温暖的家、幸福的童年，唤起社会对孤儿的同情和关爱。

毕业论文关键词：查尔斯·狄更斯；《雾都孤儿》；资本主义；孤儿；影响

Contents

1.Introduction 1

2. Literature Review 2

3. The Capitalist Society’s Influence on Oliver 3

3.1 The Influence of the English Relief System on Oliver 3

3.2 The Influence of Life in the Slums on Oliver 4

3.3 Good People’s Influence on Oliver 5

4. The Critique to Capitalism in the Novel 7

5. Conclusion 8

Works Cited 10

1. Introduction

Charles Dickens was born in Portsmouth, son of a petty navy office clerk. The good fortune of being sent to school at the age of nine was short-lived because his father was imprisoned for bad debt. He was sent to work in Warren’s blacking factory and endured appalling conditions as well as loneliness and despair. The hardship and suffering inflicted so early upon such a sensitive boy as Charles Dickens had left an everlasting bitter remembrance in his later life. In 1824-1827 Dickens studied at Wellington House Academy, London. At the age of fifteen he left school and entered a lawyer’s office. He taught himself shorthand to get an even better job later as a reporter in Parliament. The journalistic experience not only enabled him to get acquainted with some inside knowledge of the British legal and political system, and gave him a chance to meet people of all kinds, but also laid a good foundation for his coming literary career. (Zhang Boxiang，2009:104-105) Before his death in 1870 Dickens had published fourteen novels, several plays, numerous short stories, and many other books and articles. At times he was involved in writing as many as three novels simultaneously. Dickens showed incredible energy and vitality and he edited several periodicals and also worked for several charitable organizations. Dickens’s novels such as David Copperfield, Bleak House (1852), Little Dorrit (1857), A Tale of Two Cities, Great Expectations, and Our Mutual Friend (1865)-dominated the Victorian literary scene throughout his life, and he was arguably one of the most popular novelists in the history of English literature. The Mystery of Edwin Drood is Dickens’ unfinished novel when he died because of a stroke on June 9, 1870, in Rochester, England.源'自:优尔`!论~文'网www.youerw.com