摘要本文对中外主流媒体的新闻标题的预设性进行了批评话语分析。选择的语料是近两个月中外主流媒体报道的重大事件。中国主流媒体以中国日报为代表，西方主流媒体以华盛顿邮报，华尔街时报，纽约时报等为代表。选取的标题与钓鱼岛事件，十八大的召开以及中东问题相关。本文将按照相关的预设理论，以批评话语分析为工具，将针对同一事件的不同新闻标题比较分析，并在此基础上探究这些新闻标题背后的隐藏含义和潜在的意识形态影响，以加强读者对于新闻媒体不同倾向的理解, 从而在阅读新闻时能够全面地了解其表达的内容, 不随波逐流。67150

毕业论文关键词  新闻标题    预设性   批评话语分析，意识形态

毕 业 论 文 外 文 摘 要

Title  Critical Discourse Analysis of Presupposition in News Headlines

Abstract

This paper is to make critical discourse analysis of presupposition in news headlines. Headlines selected are mainly about issues of Diaoyu Island, 18th CPC National Congress and conflicts in the Middle East. Those headlines come from The Wall Street Journal, The New York Times, The Washington Post, China Daily and so on. Based on presupposition theories, this paper uses critical discourse analysis as a tool to make analysis and comparisons of those headlines about the same event. Moreover, this paper  explores the hidden meaning and ideologies behind the news headlines, so that readers can understand news more comprehensively and avoid drifting with the current.

Keywords  News Headlines   Presupposition   Critical Discourse Analysis

Table of Contents

1 Introduction 1

1.1 Reasons and Interest about the Topic of This Paper1

2 Presupposition1

2.1 Definition of Presupposition and Its Development.. 2

2.2 Presupposition Trigger ..   2

2.3 Functions of presupposition  3

2.3 Previous Research both home and abroad  4

3 Research Methodology  5

4 Discussion and Results..6

4.1 Critical Discourse Analysis of Presupposition in News Headlines from the Perspective of Words and Sentences .6

4.2 Critical Discourse Analysis of the Presupposition in Commenting Words or Phrases in News Headlines 9

4.3 Reasons Why Such Kind of Presupposition Exists 10

Conclusion 13

Acknowledgements14

Bibliography15

1 Introduction

In recent years, a variety of sources of media are focusing on reporting the same big events which have caused a lot of attention. However, their attitudes toward those issues, which are hidden in the news headlines vary from one to another. One method for the media to achieve this is to use presupposition. Analysis of presupposition can contribute to discovering the intention of the media. Headlines selected in this paper are mainly about issues of Diaoyu Island, 18th Communist Party of China National Congress and conflicts in the Middle East. Those headlines come from The Wall Street Journal, The New York Times, The Washington Post, China Daily and so on. Based on presupposition theories, this paper will use critical discourse analysis as a tool to make analysis and comparisons of those headlines about the same event, which intends to make critical discourse analysis of the presupposition in news headlines. The ultimate goal of this paper is to explore the hidden meaning and ideologies, so that readers can understand news more comprehensively and avoid drifting with the current.

1.1 Reasons and Interest about the Topic of This Paper

Most of the former studies focusing on Critical Discourse Analysis in news headlines are based on systemic-functional grammar, and previous studies concerning CDA of news headlines mainly focus on pragmatical functions. As Xin (2005）has pointed out: “ pragmatical lingustics helps critical discourse analysis to achieve the goals of analyzing paragraphs. Besides, those theories of pragmatical functions serve as different kinds of social symbols.” However, if further studies still stick to pragmatic functions, the progress of critical discourse analysis will be hindered. Moreover, there are much more theories can be used as a tool in CDA, for example, presupposition theories. As a result, this paper tries to prove that presupposition can be a basic theory in conducting critical discourse analysis. Moreover, presupposition has many ideological functions besides pragmatical ones.