2。 Literature Review

2。1 The definition of ITA

     Interactive Teaching Approach is a linguistic collaborative activity involving establishment of a triangular relationship between the sender, the receiver and the context of situation, whether the communication is in speech or writing。 

It is the interaction between teacher and student, student and teacher, student and student, student and authors of texts, and student and the community that speaks the language (Rivers 37-48)。

     Teacher-student interaction is a special form of human interaction, it refers to the various forms occurs between teachers and students, and the essence and influence of various levels of interaction (Ye and Pang 8)。 

     The long-term goal of the classroom teacher-student interaction is to accelerate the development between teachers and students, especially the development of learners, cognitive and social, short-term goal may be to promote and deepen interaction learners have learned the content and skills to master in order to implement the activities and the like。     

     Student to student interaction describes a learning objective where the students are asked to communicate with one another, students can share thoughts in a group。 Student to student interaction can also be utilized by setting up communities。 The students in the communities can work with one another or as groups to accomplish specific tasks or objectives。

     Student to teacher interaction describes interaction of feedback from a lecture directly to the teacher, or taking a quiz on previously studied material。 It can also be argued that at some point in the education process there must be some sort of student to teacher interaction if only to demonstrate that learning has indeed taken place。

2。2 Studies of ITA Abroad

     The research of interactive teaching in foreign countries is mainly focused on the research of interaction type。 From the research methods, mostly of them are referenced from psychology and sociology, especially the research of sociology of education。论文网

2。2。1 Three types of interaction in classroom

     Interaction can be described depending on the domination of interaction that is in the  English classroom (Celce-Murcia 16), including the teacher-dominated, teacher-centered, and student-centered classroom types。 In a teacher-dominated classroom, the teachers talk all the time, and the students' participation is very limited。 The teacher-centered classroom is the one where the teacher is controlling the students' participation through some classroom activities and students have the opptunity to participate。 Finally, the student-centered classroom is the one where the students can participate more actively。

     Van Lier provides a framework that distinguishes four basic types of classroom interaction, according to whether the teacher controls the topic and the activity。                                                                         (1)Teacher controls neither topic nor activity, as in small talk or private talk between students。 (2)Teacher controls topic but not activity, for example, the teacher makes an announcement, gives instructions or the teacher delivers a lecture。(3) Teacher controls both topic and activities, the teacher elicits responses in a language drill。(4) Teacher controls activity but not topic, the teacher pides the students into groups and specify the procedural rules, the students can choose what to talk about。

     In addition, there are 3 modes of interaction model:(1)a small study of a representative group mode of communication。(2)social interaction patterns。(3)feedback。