摘 要鬼节，顾名思义，是与鬼有关的节日。东西方文化对生命延伸概念的不同影响着人们对鬼文化的理解。本文采用对比和分析法，从时间、起源和风俗三个方面对中国三大鬼节（清明节、中元节和寒衣节）和西方的万圣节进行了介绍、对比和分析，继而采用Geert Hofstede的价值理论，即权力距离、不确定性规避和个人zhuyi和集体zhuyi，对中西方人的价值取向做了深入的对比和分析，发现一个国家的文化价值取向和其宗教信仰、社会价值观和人的性格有一定的关系。本文旨在帮助人们更好的了解中西鬼文化和文化价值取向的差异，进而能够更好的尊重和了解别国的文化，对文化持求同存异的态度。80202

毕业论文关键词：鬼节；价值取向；中西文化；差异

Abstract Ghost festival, just as its name implies, is associated with ghost or sacrificing ghost。   The differences between Chinese and western concepts of the life extension influence people’s understanding of the ghost culture。 Adopting comparison and analysis, the paper makes a detailed introduction to Chinese three big ghost festivals, namely, Qingming Danasty, Zhongyuan Festival and Hanyi Festival, and Halloween in western countries and does an analysis of them from time, origin and customs。 Then the paper does a deep comparison and analysis of cultural value orientations of Chinese and Western countries on the basis of Hofstede’s Value Dimensions, namely, Power distance, Uncertainty Avoidance and Inpidualism and Collectivism。 A conclusion is reached that a country’s cultural value orientations are related to its religion, social values and characteristics。 This paper is designed to help people better understand Chinese and Western ghost culture and know Chinese and western values, which can help people respect other culture and seek agreement while shelving differences。

Key words: ghost festival; the value orientation; Chinese and western culture; differences 

摘 要 i

Abstract ii

I。 Introduction 1

II。 An Overview of Chinese Ghost Festivals 2

 2。1 Tomb-sweeping Day 2

 2。2 Hungry Ghost Festival 3

 2。3 Winter Clothing Festival 4

III。 An Overview of Western Ghost Festival 5

 3。1 Origin of Halloween 5

 3。2 Origin of Halloween Costumes 6

 3。3 Customs of Halloween 7

IV。 Differences of Chinese and Western Cultural Value Orientations 8

 4。1 Power-distance 9

 4。2 Uncertainty Avoidance 10

 4。3 Inpidualism and Collectivism 11

V。 Conclusion 12

Bibliography 14

Acknowledgements 15

On the Differences of  Chinese and Western Culture Value Orientation from the Ghost Festivals

I。 Introduction Holiday is a special day to celebrate harvest, commemorate important people or events, and cherish the memory of ancestors for people。 It is made in the process of human development and historical evolution as a cultural phenomenon。 This unique cultural phenomenon includes people’s cognition and attention to the outside world。 Various countries in the world have countless festivals and their origin, customs and traditional story reflect their own national cultural value orientations。 Ghost festival is one of the traditional festivals in the world。