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摘要：青少年儿童是祖国未来、民族希望，是社会主义事业的建设者和接班人。但生活条件的提高也使得青少年儿童超重、肥胖、视力下降、身体机能下降等的发生率呈逐年增高趋势，这已成为亟需解决的公共卫生问题。12-16岁的中学生正处于个体生长发育的第二个高峰期——青春期，了解这一特殊时期中学生的生理健康状况，更有助于帮助他们及时发现问题、解决问题，健康成长。本文就青华中学12-16岁的中学生的身体形态（身高、体重）、生理机能（肺活量）、视力等几项生理指标进行研究。研究发现青华中学12-16岁中学生的身体形态发育状况总体良好，但仍有20%左右的学生存在体重过轻、超重、肥胖的问题；肺活量平均水平处于中下等水平；视力不良检出率比较高，总体来看，视力不良检出率还有随着年龄的增长而增长的趋势。52202
毕业论文关键词：中学生，身高，体重，体重指数，肺活量，肺活量体重指数，视力
Abstract：Children are the future of the motherland, the hope of the nation,and the socialist builders and successors. But as the living conditions improving,children are overweight and obesity, visual acuity is decreasing, physical function is declining ,and the incidence is increasing year by year, this phenomenon has become a public health problem. 12-16 years of middle school students are in the second peak of inpidual growth and development -- adolescence, understanding the physiological health of middle school students in this special period, is more conducive to help them to find problems and solve them, so that they can grow healthily. This paper has studied on Qinghua middle school students aged 12-16 in some physiological indexes ,such as height, weight, vital capacity, visual acuity. In general，the study found that the body shape development situation of Qinghua middle school students aged 12-16 is good, but there are still about 20% of the students are underweight,overweight or obesity; the average level of vital capacity is in the middle and lower level; bad vision detection rate is relatively high, overall, prevalence of poor vision is growing as the age increase.
Keywords： middle school student ,height, weight, body mass index, vital capacity, vital capacity index, visual acuity
目 录
１ 前言 4
1.1 问题的提出 4
1.2 关于生理指标的理论 4
1.2.1 身高 4
1.2.2 体重 5
1.2.3 BMI 5
1.2.4 肺活量 6
1.2.5 肺活量体重指数 6
1.2.6 视力 6
２ 研究对象与方法 7
2.1 研究对象 7
2.2 研究内容 7
2.3 数据来源 7
2.4 研究方法 8
2.4.1 文献资料法 8
2.4.2 数理统计法 8
2.4.3 对比分析法 8
2.4.4 访谈法 8
3 结果与分析 8
3.1 身体形态指标 8
3.1.1 身高 8
3.1.2 体重