摘要近几年来校车事故频发，严重威胁到了中小学生的生命安全，确保校车能安全行 驶任务重大。随着经济的发展中小学校车的数量日益增加，但是在传统的校车管理中， 缺乏对校车的实时跟踪以及实时监控，致使校车事故频发不止。84536

在本文中介绍一种校车管理系统，通过高新技术来对校车进行监控。在此系统中 改变了以往的老师点名字的传统记名方式，而采用光电传感器，每当有人上下车时光 电传感器都会计数，解决了老师点名的麻烦。司机可以随时在车载终端查看车上人数， 并采用温湿度传感器，实时监控校车内的温度，本系统还采用 GPS 技术，可以实时 监控车的速度，以及地点位置，并通过 GPRS 无线传输技术传到上位机实时监控。通 过此系统，监控人员可以清楚地知道校车的位置车速和人数，达到了实时监控的目的， 从而保证了学生的安全。

毕业论文关键词：GPS ；GPRS；光电传感器；上位机；温湿度传感器

Abstract In recent years, school bus accidents occur frequently。 It is a severe threat  to  the safety of primary and middle school students。It is very important to make sure the safety of school bus driving。With the development of economy ,The number of primary and secondary school buses is increasing everyday。But in the traditional school  bus management ,real-time tracking of the school bus and monitoring is lack,which leads to the frequency of school bus accidents。

A school bus management system is introduced in this paper。 It can monitor the school bus with the high technology。A new management system will be introduced in this paper which uses the high technology to monitor the school bus。In this system,  the traditional way of calling the roll by teachers was changed and the photoelectric sensor was used。When someone get on or get off the bus,students will be counted to solve the  trouble of calling the roll。In vehicle terminal system,drivers can check the number of people in the bus at any time,the temperature and humidity sensor is also be used to  monitor  the real-time temperature。The system also uses GPS technology to monitor the speed and location of school bus,which can be upload to the host computer through the  GPRS wireless transmission technology。The supervisors can be  aware  of  the  number  of students ,location and speed of the school bus clearly 。In that case,the supervisors can monitor the school bus at any time and ensure the safety of every student。

Keyword：GPS；GPRS；photoelectric sensor；master computer；temperature and humidity sensor

目 录

第一章 绪论 1

1。1 研究的背景及意义 1

1。2 国内外研究现状 1

1。2。1 国外研究现状 1

1。2。2 国内研究现状 2

1。3 本文研究主要内容 2

1。4 本文主要章节结构 3

第二章 方案论证 4

2。1 单片机选型 4

2。2 传感器对比与选型 4

2。2。1 光电传感器 4

2。2。2 射频模块 5

2。2。3 方案选择 5

2。3 液晶显示模块对比与选型 6

2。4 温湿度传感器 6

2。5 GPRS 通信模块