摘 要：我们现在的中国，发展速度很快，各行各业都有了很大的进步，高层楼宇的数量越来越多，如果住在高层，一层一层地上下楼梯明显不合适，那么，电梯的发展就显得很重要。在电梯的控制系统发展历史中，PLC可编程逻辑控制器的地位特别重要。几十年来，以PLC为基础的电梯控制仍然是主流的，本论文主要对基于PLC的四层电梯的简单模拟进行研究。

在电梯设计过程中，要满足控制要求，比如说电梯哪些情况下向上行车，哪些情况下向下行车，哪些情况下紧急停车制动，电梯门什么时候开启，什么时候关闭等等。老旧的继电器控制可靠性欠佳，容易出现故障，不适宜推广使用，而PLC则可以有效的解决这些问题。93077

本论文以设计四层小楼的电梯控制系统为框架，简单地向大家展示了PLC可编程逻辑控制器的构造，工作规律，设计方式，接下来，就按逻辑顺序开始进行程序编写，结论显示PLC可编程控制器普适性好，安全性高，而且价钱不高，维护修理起来也是特别的容易。

毕业论文关键词:电梯，控制系统，PLC

Abstract：Now,our china’s speed of development is very hign,Great progress has been made in all walks of life,we can see more and more hign buildings in our lives,supposing that some people live in the hign ,it’s obvious unfit to go upstairs or go downstairs by step and step,and because of this,it is quite important to make elevator control system better。in the history of elevator,plc was a great role。For decades the elevator based on plc has been the main kind,my paper covers four-layer elevator model which based on plc 。

In the progress of elevator design,the elevator needs to meet the requires,for example,under which circumstances,the elevator needs to go upstairs ,go downstairs,stop in an emergency,and when does the door need to open or close。the old relay is not stable,and the error is common,so it is not widely used。however,plc can solve this problem efficiently。

This paper is based on the design of elevator control system of four-layer building。this time i show you the simply conformation,the working law and the design way of plc。next,we write programs in logical order。it can be seen that plc is in common use,and it is very safe,furthermore,the price of plc is not hign and we can maintain it very convenient。

Keywords:elevator,control system,plc

目   录

1  绪论 3

1。1  PLC的发展背景 3

1。2  电梯控制系统研究的现状 3

2  电梯物理模型建构 4

2。1  电梯的构造 4

2。2  电梯拖动系统 5

2。3  电梯的运行特点 6

2。4  电梯的电气线路 6

3  PLC硬件设计 7

3。1  I/O地址分配 7

3。2  响应时间 8

3。3  PLC选型 8

3。4  PLC外部接线 9

4  PLC软件设计 9

4。1  电梯运行控制要求分析 9

4。2 功能指令使用及程序流程图 10

4。3  电梯梯形图 13