摘要：最近几年以来，国内外大型商场和超市等的数量日益增加，规模越来越大，与之具 有共同趋势的是其发生火灾的概率。伴随火灾而来的大量的人员伤亡以及巨额的财产损失 时刻提醒我们加大和加深对火灾的研究力度。以寻找降低社会与个人资源损失的方法为出 发点，本课题应用火灾模拟软件 SMARTFIURE，以某商场为研究对象，从通风的不同条 件设定，热释放速率的确定等方面，分别研究了建筑物内门窗全开或全闭，热释放速率为 中速或快速等工况下，火灾温度场，烟气以及可见度的变化情况。根据数值模拟呈现的数 据进行对比分析，得到了通风不良，热量不能及时的传播，可在短时间产生更高的温度峰 值；相对高的热释放速率可以加快火灾的发展进程；距离火源越近，可以形成更高的火场 温度等结论。66319

毕业论文关键词：商场火灾；SMARTFIE；火灾模拟；温度分布；烟气流动

Simulation study in a supermarket fire based on SMARTFIRE

Abstract: In recent years, there are more and more large shopping malls and supermarkets at home and abroad, and the scale is more and more big. The probability of supermarket fire has the same trend of its number. The large number of casualties and a huge amount of property losses accompanied by fire that always remind us to increase and deepen the intensity of the fire research. In order to reduce the social and personal resources loss, this paper used SMARTFIE software, in a shopping mall as the research object, setting from different ventilation conditions, the heat release rate determination and so on. The changes of fire temperature field, smoke and visibility were studied under the condition that the doors and windows were open or closed completely and the heat release rate was medium or fast. According to the comparative analysis of numerical simulation data presented by ventilation, we can know heat will not be timely communication and produce a higher peak temperature in a short time when in the poor ventilation. Relatively high heat release rate can accelerate the development of fire. The closer to the fire source, the higher the fire temperature can be formed.

Key Words: supermarket fire; SMARTFIE; fire simulation; temperature distribution; smoke flow

目录

1 绪论 1

1.1 研究背景 1

1.1.1 我国商场发展状况 1

1.1.2 商场火灾形势及其危害 2

1.2 研究目的与意义 2

1.3 国内外火灾研究现状 3

2 商场火灾危险性分析 4

2.1 引发商场火灾的原因 4

2.2 商场火灾引发重大损失的原因 5

3 火灾模拟的 CFD 理论基础 5

3.1 火灾模型 5

3.2 CFD 模拟软件 7

3.3 SMARTFIRE 软件介绍 8

4 某商场火灾的 SMARTFIRE 模拟 9

4.1 情景设计器建模 9

4.1.1 DXF 文件输入 9

4.1.2 构造建筑物模型 11

4.1.3 创建情景 13

4.2 案例规格环境 15

4.2.1 火源设置 18

4.2.2 网格划分 19

4.3 CFD 计算