摘要：火灾是最经常、最普遍地威胁公众安全和社会发展的主要灾害之一。本文针对现有的分布式火灾报警系统投资大、安装麻烦、工程量大等缺点，设计了一种基于AT89C51单片机的无线火灾报警系统。传感器选用NIS-09C离子型感烟探测器和LM94022集成温度传感器。系统通过传感器采集室内温度、烟雾数据经信号调理电路和A/D转换器后，将数据送入单片机作进一步的处理和决策，如有异常将启动光报警和蜂鸣器报警电路。详细分析了系统组成结构和工作原理，给出了相关硬件与软件设计过程，并对系统进行了安装与测试，结果表明，系统具有很好的可靠性和实时性，安全性高，具有广泛的市场前景。66708

毕业论文关键词：智能火灾报警 ，AT89C51单片机，烟雾传感器

Abstract: The fire is one of the main disasters that most often and most frequently threaten the public safety and social development.. This paper designs a wireless fire alarm system based on AT89C51 microcontroller for the disadvantages of the existing distributed fire alarm system, such as large investment, trouble installation and large engineering quantity.. Sensor selection of NIS-09C ion sensor and LM94022 integrated temperature sensor. System through the sensor acquisition indoor temperature, smoke data by signal conditioning circuit and A/D converter, data into the microcontroller for further processing and decision making, such as abnormal will start light alarm buzzer alarm circuit. Detailed analysis of the system structure and work principle, gives the hardware and software design process and the system were installation and testing, results show that the system has good reliability and real-time, high safety, with a broad market prospect.

Key words: Intelligent fire alarm， AT89C51，Smoke sensor

目   录 

1 绪论 4

1.1 课题研究的背景和意义 4

1.2 本文内容的结构安排 4

2 火灾报警系统整体方案设计 5

2.1火灾产生原理及过程 5

2.2系统总体方案设计 6

2.2.1 系统硬件总体构架 6

2.2.2 系统软件总体构架 6

2.3系统主要器件的选择 7

2.3.1 火灾探测器的选择 7

2.3.2 单片机及A/D转换芯片的选择 10

3 火灾自动报警系统硬件设计 12

3.1 前端信号调理电路 12

3.2 复位电路与晶振电路 14

3.2.1晶振电路 14

3.2.2 复位电路 14

3.3 声光报警电路.. 15

3.4 数据采集电路 16

4 火灾自动报警系统程序设计 20

4.1软件开发环境 20

4.2火灾报警系统程序设计 20

4.2.1数据采集程序 21

4.2.2火灾判断与报警程序 23

5系统的安装和测试 24

总结 26

参考文献 27

致谢 28