摘要：随着高速铁路货车的速度提高，极大影响了货车的运行安全和货物的完整性，货车安装状态安全监控系统势在必行。查阅相关文献后，确定系统由四大模块组成：轴承故障检测模块、构架裂纹监控模块、平稳性指标模块和脱轨预警模块。轴承故障模块采用测温法和振动信号分析法完成采集。构架裂纹模块应用压电阻抗技术，粘贴PZT陶瓷片与各转向架裂纹集中发生区域，采集电导纳值确定裂纹具体位置。平稳性指标模块使用Sperling指标为依据，分别计算垂向横向加速度，综合考虑计算指标，保证货物完整性，再使用MATLAB处理信号论证其可行性。脱轨预警模块间接算出轮轨垂向力和横向力，同时考虑轮重减载率和脱轨系数。完善的运行安全监控系统可以有效减少事故，提高运行品质，为铁路货运带来更高的经济效益。77530

毕业论文关键词： 高速货车；货车安全；监控系统

Design of Safety Monitoring System for High - speed Railway Wagons

Abstract: With the speed of high-speed railway wagons increased, the safety of the wagons and the integrity of the goods is greatly affected, Railway wagons installation status security monitoring system is imperative。 After reviewing the relevant literature, the system consists of four modules: bearing failure detection module, frame crack monitoring module, running comfort index module and derailment warning module。  Temperature measurement and vibration signal analysis method are used to complete the acquisition in bearing failure module。 Frame crack module application Piezoelectric impedance technology。 PZT ceramic ship is pasted near the bogie crack concentration area。 Collecting the conductivity cell is used to determine the specific location of the crack。 The stationary index module uses the Sperling index as the basis, calculates the vertical lateral acceleration separately, considers the calculation index comprehensively, guarantees the integrity of the goods, and then uses the MATLAB processing signal to demonstrate its feasibility。 The derailment warning module calculates the wheel and rail vertical force and lateral force indirectly, taking into account the wheel load shedding rate and the derailment factor。 Improve the operation of the security monitoring system can effectively reduce the accident, improve the quality of operation for the railway freight to bring higher economic benefits。

Key words: high speed truck; truck safety; monitoring system; rail freight

目录

1。 绪论 1

1。1 课题的目的和意义 1

1。2 国内外研究现状与水平 2

1。3 发展趋势 4

1。4 本论文所做的工作 4

2。 监控系统总体设计方案 5

2。1 轴承故障监控 5

2。1。1 基于油液的故障监测和诊断技术 5

2。1。2 基于温度的故障监测和诊断技术 5

2。1。3基于声学的故障监测和诊断技术 6

2。1。4基于振动信号的故障监测和诊断技术 6

2。2  转向架裂纹 7

2。2。1 磁粉探伤 7

2。2。1 渗透探伤 7

2。2。3超声波探伤 8

2。2。4 涡流法 8

2。2。5 压电阻抗法 8