摘要：层状结构的纳米镍钴铝酸锂材料（NCA）因其具有比容量高、原料价格低、结构稳定性好和能量密度高等优点而被广泛应用于电动汽车中。而常规的共沉淀-高温固相法存在污水处理、工艺复杂等问题。为此，本论文设计出一条新的合成工艺路线，通过探究球磨时间、合成温度和氧气浓度对目标产物NCA相关特性影响，确定了最佳合成工艺。以氧化镍、氧化钴、氧化铝和氢氧化锂为原料进行湿法球磨2h，然后喷雾干燥，最后在氧气流量为200ml/min的气氛下750℃煅烧12h获得NCA活性正极材料。电化学测试表明，在0.1C倍率下首次充放电比容量为201.2mAh/g，库伦效率86.4%。H1-M氧化还原对电位差为0.012V，表明电池具有良好的电化学可逆性。该材料具有很好的应用价值。

关键词：NCA；喷雾干燥；电位差；锂镍混排

Synthesis and electrochemcial performance of Nano- Sized NCA Cathode Materials

Abstract: Layered NCA is widely used in electric vehicles due to its advantages  of high specific capacity, low raw material cost, good structural stability,and high energy density. However, the conventional coprecipitation-high temperature solid phase method has problems such as sewage treatment and complicated process. For this reason, a new synthetic route was designed in this thesis. The optimum synthesis process was determined by investigating the effects of milling time, synthesis temperature and oxygen concentration on the NCA-related properties of the target product. Nickel oxide, cobalt oxide, aluminum oxide and lithium hydroxide were used as raw materials for wet ball milling for 2 hours, followed by spray drying, and finally calcined at 750° C. for 12 hours in an oxygen flow rate of 200 ml/min to obtain an NCA active cathode material. Electrochemical tests showed that the first charge-discharge specific capacity was 201.2mAh/g and the Coulomb efficiency was 86.4% at 0.1C rate. The potential difference of H1-M redox pair is 0.012V, indicating that the battery has good electrochemical reversibility. The material has a good application value.

KeyWords:NCA;Spray drying; Potential difference; Lithium/nickel mixing

目录

1绪论 1

1.1引言 1

1.2锂离子电池的概况 1

1.2.1锂离子电池的发展状况 1

1.2.2锂离子电池的工作原理与特点 1

1.2.3锂离子电池正极材料 3

1.3LiNi1-x-yCoAlyO2正极材料的研究进展 3

1.4常用的LiNi1-x-yCoAlyO2合成方法 4

1.4.1高温固相法 4

1.4.2共沉淀-高温固相法 4

1.4.3喷雾干燥-固相法 4

1.5课题的主要内容 5

1.5.1课题研究的目的与意义 5

1.5.2课题研究内容 5

1.5.3实验方案设计 5

2实验及表征 7

2.1实验原料 7

2.2实验仪器 8

2.3材料制备 8

2.3.1前驱体的制备 8

2.3.2LiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2粉体的制备 9

2.4电极材料制备与电池组装 9

2.5材料的结构表征