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摘要： 随着社会的发展，各种电子高科技在生活中被广泛应用，也导致了火灾事故频繁发生，由于大部分家具都是木料，这使得火灾产生的危害更加巨大，因此对木材进行防火阻燃处具有一定的实际意义。5483
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本论文是对硫酸铵，磷酸二氢铵和磷酸氢二铵三种含氮阻燃剂通过不同阻燃处理方式对木材阻燃效果的影响进行研究，分别研究了不同压力、不同浸渍时间、不同阻燃剂浓度和不同的处理过程等对木条阻燃处理后样品载药率的影响。实验结果表明：对于硫酸铵、磷酸二氢铵和磷酸氢二铵三种阻燃体系，磷酸二氢铵最适合作为木条的阻燃处理阻燃剂；超声波条件下处理的样品其载药率较高；浸渍时间的长短对样品载药率的影响不大；阻燃剂的浓度越大，其处理的样品就具有越大的载药率；不同的处理过程对样品的载药率也有一定的影响。
氧指数测定实验结果表明：不同的阻燃体系，不同的阻燃处理条件如压力、浓度等对阻燃处理样品的氧指数有较大的影响。本论文得出的最佳阻燃体系及处理方法是：以15%磷酸二氢铵为阻燃体系，在超声波条件下，以自然干燥的木条经过阻燃处理后得到样品，其氧指数可达33。
关键词：氧指数测定法；载药率；含氮化合物；阻燃机理
Research on the effects of nitrogen-containing flame retardant fire retardant properties of wood.
Abstract: Along with the development of the society, all kinds of electronic technology is widely used in our daily life, also led to a fire accident occurred frequently, because most of the furniture is wood, that makes the harm of fire to produce more big, so to fire retardant wood has a certain practical significance.
In this thesis, Ammonium sulfate, Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, and Diammonium Phosphate as a flame retardant base material of three substances were of different pressures, different soaking times, in different concentrations and different flame retardants and other processing of fire-retardant treatment of wood sample rate of the drug. The experimental results show that: for ammonium sulfate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and diammonium hydrogen phosphate, three kinds of flame retardant system is most suitable for ammonium dihydrogen phosphate as a wood fire retarding treatment of flame retardants; Under the condition of ultrasonic processing samples the drug-loading rate is higher; Dip the length of time for sample delivery rate little impact; The greater the concentration of flame retardant, and its processing samples will have a bigger drug-loading rate; Samples of different processing on drug-loading rate has a certain influence.
The oxygen index test results show that the different flame retardant system, and different flame retardant processing conditions such as pressure, concentration of flame retardant treatment the oxygen index has a great influence of the sample. This paper concluded the best fire retardant system and the processing method is: in 15% of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate flame retardant system, under the condition of ultrasound, in order to get the sample after natural drying of wood treated with flame retardant, the oxygen index of 33.
Keywords: Oxygen index method; Loading rate; Nitrogen compounds; Mechanism of flame retardant
目 录
1 绪论 1
1.1 木材阻燃剂的阻燃原理 1
1.2 木材阻燃的处理方法 1
1.2.1 浸注法 1
1.2.2 喷涂法 2
1.2.3 贴面法 2
1.2.4 热压法 2
1.2.5 复合法 2
1.2.6 辐射法 2
1.2.7 超声波法 3
1.2.8 高能喷射法 3
1.3 目前木材阻燃技术存在的问题 3