摘要离子液体是完全由有机阳离子和有机或无机阴离子组成，熔点接近室温的液体。 它表现出的不可燃、熔点低、可忽略的挥发性、热稳定性很好和导电性高这些优异的 性能，使得离子液体在当今有了广泛的关注。81501

在本次实验中，离子型石墨烯无溶剂纳米流体(IGSN)的制备是把氧化石墨烯(GO) 作为无溶剂纳米流体的核结构，颈状层和冠状层分别为二甲基十八烷基(3-甲氧基硅 丙基)氯化铵和磺酸盐(PEGs)构成的。在制备出离子型石墨烯无溶剂纳米流体后，对 它进行各项表征测试。最后采用摩擦磨损试验机对它进行摩擦磨损试验，以及运用共 聚焦激光显微镜观察磨痕，从而测试它的摩擦性能。

通过X射线衍射测试、傅里叶变换红外光谱测试、拉曼光谱测试、X射线光电子 能谱测试、透射电子显微镜测试以及原子力显微镜测试都可以得出聚(乙二醇)4-壬苯 基醚 3-磺丙基钾盐(PEGs)接枝到了有二甲基十八烷基(3-甲氧基硅丙基)氯化铵的GO 上，获得IGSN的结论。差示扫描量热测试以及热重分析可以看出GO含量的提高让聚 (乙二醇)4-壬苯基醚 3-磺丙基钾盐耐热效果更佳。通过流变测试，得出离子型无溶剂 纳米流体在常温下能流动。而通过摩擦性能测试，可以发现离子型石墨烯无溶剂纳米 流体中的石墨烯粒子在摩擦过程中在摩擦表面形成一个保护层，起到润滑作用，摩擦 系数及磨损量都会减小。

毕业论文关键词：离子液体；无溶剂纳米流体；摩擦性能

Abstract Ionic liquids are completely composed of organic cations and organic or inorganic anions and liquid with melting points near room temperature。 Ionic liquids possess negligible volatility, thermal stability, non-flammability, and high ionic conductivity。 Because of this, Ionic liquids have already attracted a lot of attention in many fields。

In this experiment, the Ionic Graphene Solvent-free Nanofluids(IGSN) was made by graphene oxide(GO), siloxane surface modification agen and poly(ethylene glycol )

4-nonylphenyl 3-sulfopropyl ether potassium salt(PEGs) to as the core, the neck layer and the canopy。 Then the ionic graphene solvent-free nanofluids were analyzed。 Finally, friction and wear tester analyzed its friction and wear testing, and the using of confocal laser microscopy wear scarn can help us test its friction properties。

By X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform-infrared spectrometer, Raman spectra, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Transmission electron microscope, Atomic force microscope, these analysis, we can conclude that sulfonate had already grafted to the GO, which illustrate the successful synthesis of the IGSN。 The results of differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis show that after adding graphene, the thermal stability of sulfonate will improve。 The rheological test results indicate that the IGSN can move at room temperature。 Through the friction test, we can find that the graphite particles in the ionic graphene nanofluids can form a protective layer on the friction surface during the friction process, which can play a role in lubrication, and the friction coefficient and wear rate become smaller。

Keywords: ionic liquids; solvent-free nanofluids; friction property

目录

第一章 绪论 1

1。1 离子液体 1

1。1。1 离子液体的组成及特性 1

1。1。2 制备离子液体的两步合成法 1

1。2 摩擦性能 2

1。2。1 摩擦学的发展状况 2

1。2。2 离子液体在摩擦领域的研究进展