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摘要本课题采用铝的无机盐和硅的醇盐为原料，研究了在制备溶胶过程中发生的化学反应，同时研究了不添加纺丝助剂与添加纺丝助剂（PVP、PVA等）对莫来石溶胶粘度及凝胶纤文的影响。并采用自制的离心机进行离心纺丝，研究了离心机的转速、风速、温度、相对湿度等对前驱体纤文的影响。通过合理调节，得到粗细均匀，韧性较好的莫来石前驱体纤文。本文还采用溶胶-凝胶法制备多晶 莫来石纤文并研究了热处理工艺（干燥温度、干燥时间、升温速率、保温时间、有无通水蒸汽等）对莫来石纤文力学性能的影响。采用真空吸滤成型法制备莫来石纤文隔热板，并对隔热板的气孔率、导热系数、抗拉强度等参数进行测试，优化制备工艺，通过XRD、SEM、TG-DTA、万能材料试验机等仪器对纤文隔热板性能的表征得到综合性能优良的隔热板。33449
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关键词 莫来石 多晶莫来石纤文 溶胶-凝胶 莫来石纤文隔热板
毕业论文设计说明书外文摘要
Title The Preparation Technology Research Of Lightweight Mullite Fiber Insulation Board
Abstract
This topic uses aluminum salts and alkoxide of silicon as raw material,and we study the chemical reactions occurring in the course of the preparation of the sol.At the same time we find the the influence of mullite sol viscosity and gel fiber with spinning additives(PVP, PVA, etc.) added or without adding.And using homemade centrifuge to centrifugal spinning,studying the influence of precursor fibers for the centrifuge speed, wind speed, temperature, relative humidity.Through reasonable regulation, to get uniform thickness and good toughness of mullite precursor fibers.This paper also uses the sol-gel method to prepare polycrystalline mullite fiber and Study on the the effect of heat treatment process (drying temperature, drying time, heating rate, holding time, with or without water,etc.) for mullite fiber mechanical properties.It was prepared by vacuum filter molding method for mullite fiber insulation board.And testing the porosity,thermal conductivity, tensile strength and other parameters of insulation panels to optimize preparation process.Making the characterization of fiber insulation board performance by XRD, SEM, TG-DTA, universal testing machines and other equipment to get excellent overall performance insulation board.
Keywords Mullite Polycrystalline mullite fiber Sol - gel Mullite fiber insulation board
目 次
1 引言 1
1.1 莫来石 1
1.2 莫来石纤文及纤文板 2
1.3 溶胶凝胶法的发展历史 3
1.4 溶胶凝胶法的基本原理 3
1.5 溶胶凝胶法的工艺流程 4
1.6 溶胶凝胶法在制备陶瓷纤文材料方面的应用 4
2 制备多晶莫来石纤文 6
2.1 主要原料与实验仪器 6
2.2 实验步骤 6
2.2.1 制备莫来石纤文前驱溶胶 7
2.2.2 制备莫来石凝胶纤文 7
2.2.3 热处理获得多晶莫来石纤文 8
2.3 结果与表征 8
2.3.1 莫来石纤文的SEM分析 8
2.3.2 莫来石纤文的XRD分析 9
2.3.3 莫来石纤文的DSC-TG曲线分析 10
2.3.4 本章小结 10
3 制备莫来石纤文隔热板 11
3.1 实验过程 11
3.1.1 制备纤文板坯 11
3.1.2 制备莫来石纤文板 11
3.2 纤文板的表征与性能检测 11