摘要从上世纪四十年代以来，世界各国都在研究泡沫铝的工艺和焊接性。泡沫铝有很 多优异的性能，如能量吸收，在汽车工业、建筑结构物、家具等方面的应用十分广泛， 在高新技术领域如卫星、飞机和轮船方面也拥有很大的应用潜力。但是泡沫铝的多孔 结构却极大的降低了焊接性能，泡沫铝的连接不仅要克服传统铝合金焊接中的问题， 还得面临泡沫铝多孔结构所带来的焊接接触面积小、钎料铺展不均匀、钎料润湿性差 等问题。正因为泡沫铝性能优异，所以对泡沫铝的连接工艺及焊接性的研究更显得尤 为必要。本文采用铝硅钎料在箱式电阻炉中对泡沫施焊，对使用泡沫铝和泡沫铝对接 焊接所得接头和泡沫铝和铝块焊接所得接头进行宏观结构和力学性能分析。83348

通过对两种接头的宏观分析结果表明：泡沫铝和铝块焊接时相比于泡沫铝与泡沫 铝焊接有较为理想的钎焊性能，铝片比泡沫铝有效的保证了泡沫铝胞壁的有效连接， 增大了焊接有效接触面积；能使融化后钎料能更好的润湿铺展，为填缝过程提供更好 的空间；大幅度降低了焊接接头结构缺陷带来的影响。

通过对接头力学性能的研究发现铝块与泡沫铝焊接时所得接头的剪切强度约为 两泡沫铝对接时所得剪切强度的 10 倍。

毕业论文关键词：泡沫铝，炉中钎焊，宏观组织，力学性能

Abstract Since the 1940s the world are in the process of foam aluminum study and weldability。 Aluminum foam has a lot of excellent performance, such as energy absorption, in the automotive industry, building construction, furniture and other aspects of a very wide range, in high-tech fields such as satellites, aircraft and ships also have great potential。 But the porous structure of aluminum foam was greatly reduces the weldability of aluminum foam connected not only to overcome the traditional aluminum welding problems also face contact with the welding of aluminum foam porous structure brought a small area, the solder does not spread uniform, solder wettability and poor。 Because of the excellent properties of aluminum foam, so the research process and weldability of aluminum foam more connections is particularly necessary。 In this paper, Al-Si solder in a box furnace resistance welding foam, the use of a single layer of solder joints and welding the resulting composite layer of solder (solder - aluminum - solder arranged manner) resulting weld joint macro structure and mechanical analysis。

Through macro analysis results show that the two connectors: composite solder layer compared to the ideal monolayer brazed brazing performance, solder the middle after adding aluminum to ensure the efficient connection of aluminum foam cell walls, increasing the welding effective contact area; melted solder can enable better wetting spreading, to provide better space for caulking process; aluminum base material acts as a joint region of the cell wall structure during the welding, a significant reduction in welding joint impact structural defects。

Through the study of the mechanical properties of the joint discovery of  the composite layer of brazing shearing strength is about 10 times the single brazing shear strength, almost unchanged from the base material。

Keywords: Aluminum foam, furnace brazing, macro, mechanical properties

目录

第一章绪论 1

1。1 研究背景 1

1。2 泡沫铝材料的研究发展概括 2

1。3 泡沫铝焊接技术的发展与现状 2

1。4 泡沫铝的结构特点和性能特点