医疗事故侵权的举证责任问题分析
毕业论文关键词：医疗事故；举证责任分配；举证责任倒置
The Analysis ofthe Burden Proof of Medical Malpractice Tort
Abstract: In recent years,with the reinforcement of the national legal system construction, the legal system concept is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people and people pay more and more attention to inpidual rights and interests protection. Therefore, the number of medical malpractice tort litigation case is growing and doctor-patient conflicts intensified on both sides.However, the allocation and undertaking of burden proof is the key to thedoctor-patient conflicts. From the very beginning, thelegislative in China adopted the fault responsibility principle fully borne by the patient; and then our legislature took the way of the dual burden of proof distribution involving medical mistakes borne by medical institutions and the reversion for burden of proof of causality element; and last it took a way of theburden of proof distribution pattern dominated byfault responsibility and supported by fault presumptionaccording to "Tort Liability Act". In the process,the continuousreform of distribution of burden of proofhas beenmade, thus easing the intense conflicts between doctors and patientsand promotingsocial stability and harmonious development.
Keywords: medical malpractice; distribution the burden of proof; reversion of burden of proof
目 录
摘 要 1
Abstract 1
一、医疗事故与举证责任分配 2
（一）医疗事故的概念 2
（二）举证责任举与证责任分配含义 2
二、我国医疗事故侵权诉讼中举证责任的分配 2
（一）“谁主张，谁举证” 2
（二）举证责任倒置 3
（三）“谁主张，谁举证”为主，举证责任倒置为辅 3
三、我国医疗事故侵权举证责任分配中存在的问题 4
（一）《侵权法》中推定医疗机构有过错的规定不够完善 4
（二）缺乏医疗过失和因果关系要件的证明责任 5
四、对我国医疗事故侵权诉讼中举证责任分配的建议 5
（一）通过司法解释，对病例资料的内容补充增加 5
（二）在医疗过失和因果关系上对患者实行必要的举证责任减轻或者缓和 6
（三）适当的增加医疗机构的举证责任 7
参考文献 8
致谢 9
医疗事故侵权的举证责任问题分析
前言
在医疗事故侵权纠纷中，医务人员的医疗行为带有很强的专业性、技术性，证据资讯几乎全部由医院掌握，在诉讼举证中医方提出证据证明比较便利，患方在举证能力上相对较为弱势。我国立法机关考量医患双方的证明能力不断对医疗事故中证明责任进行改革，以期能缓和双方的越加激烈的矛盾纠纷。
一、医疗事故与举证责任分配
（一）医疗事故的概念
国务院于2002年颁布的《医疗事故处理条例》（以下简称《条例》）对医疗事故明确定义为：医疗事故是指医疗机构及其医务人员在诊疗护理活动中，违反国家制定的相关法律以及诊疗规范的规定，由于主观上疏忽大意或者轻信有能力能够避免造成医疗护理过失使患者人身受到损害的事故。 [1]
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