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Safety evacuation design is based on the structure of the nature of the mall itself, the stores to accommodate the number of how many, people's state of mind when fire accident and action characteristics, and the size of the fire risk, the market size and reasonable arrangement of transportation evacuation facilities, for personnel safety evacuation design a safe route.Mainly design emporium workers after a fire safety evacuation route, set security exit number and position, ensure in the building of the largest degree of safety evacuation.
Hydrant system design mainly includes the design of the outdoor hydrant and indoor hydrant system. Determining the quantity of outdoor fire hydrant, for indoor fire hydrant system, selection of caliber hydrant is 65mm, the water gun nozzle is 19mm, diameter is 65m,length of rubber lined hose is 20m.The hydraulic calculation includes water column, fire protection, hydrant water gun nozzle radius, pressure, water jet flow resistance loss, hydrant mouth required water pressure,water tank .etc.
Automatic fire alarm system design is a sign for the early detection of fire, and promptly take effective measures to control and put out the fire and set up an automatic fire control facilities.Automatic fire alarm system is an important aspect in the design of building fire, it involves the choices of automatic fire alarm system, fire detection method, the selection of fire detector and so on several aspects.Automatic fire alarm system based on the characteristics of the market construction, selection of various layers of higher cause smoke fire detector and heat detector, and according to the check installation space limit curve chart to determine the distance between the probe, which can determine the layout principle. According to the different floors of the building area is to determine the number of detector.
Fire extinguisher is one of the commonly used in fire fighting and rescue fire extinguishing tools, mainly used in fighting fires in the early. Due to the store within one to five layer is A regular solid fuel is given priority to, fire type for class A fires in general.Threat level for the dangerous level, so the design of fire type mainly for class A fires, And because the mall six floors with business premises, such as Internet cafes，So the class E fire existing at the same time,Design configuration of portable ammonium phosphate powder extinguishers, will be (MF/ABC5), the minimum level of configuration fire for 3 a, portable fire extinguisher maximum protection distance of 15 m, on the basis of protection area and confirm the number of the set point and fire extinguisher extinguishing level.
Sprinkler system selects the wet type automatic sprinkler system. According to the specification, determine their level of risk belongs to the dangerous level of grade I.This design USES a square or rectangular nozzle arrangement, to the design of the nozzle, each room spray strength design for 6 L/min, m2), covers an area of 160 m2, and in each room according to room size and number of nozzles determine the precise location of nozzle and determine the pipeline layout.
In view of economic factors and the present situation of the fire fighting equipment, in this mall adopts natural smoke extraction method; For the unconditional place of natural smoke extraction and adopt the way of mechanical pressure smoke, supplemented by mechanical smoke exhaust. Smoke form for an open mouth, seam shape of strip shape, in order to achieve better effect of smoke extraction and larger amount of smoke.
This design summary the store this type of the focus of the building fire safety problems and possible accident types and areas of fire fighting system design.During the period of design, through to the school library and network library, the journal to find various aspects related to the building fire materials, and consult relevant design specification and design manual, finally completed the one mall building fire safety evaluation and the fire fighting design.