本文以铜、铬、铁的硝酸盐为反应物，氨水作沉淀剂，PEG-400 作分散剂，通过共 沉淀法和煅烧法合成了 Cu-Cr-Fe 纳米复合物。通过控制反应物中 Cu2+的含量不变，改变 Cr/Fe 的摩尔比，得到了不同 Cu/Cr/Fe 比例的 Cu-Cr-Fe 纳米复合物。采用 XRD、SEM、 TEM 等表征方法研究了 Cu-Cr-Fe 纳米复合物的晶型和形貌大小，进一步采用 TG-DSC 研 究 Cu-Cr-Fe 纳米复合物对高氯酸铵（AP）热分解的催化作用。结果表明，所制备的 Cu-Cr-Fe 纳米复合物主要由 CuCr2O4、CuFe2O4、CuO 和 Fe2O3 组成，其粒径为 40nm~60nm，且分 散性较好；不同 Cu/Cr/Fe 比例的 Cu-Cr-Fe 纳米复合物对 AP 均表现出良好的催化效果， 使高氯酸铵的热分解峰显著提前，当 Cu/Cr/Fe=5:4:6 时，Cu-Cr-Fe 纳米复合物对 AP 的催 化效果最优，且 Cu-Cr-Fe 纳米复合物催化 AP 的最佳添加量为 2%，在 20℃/min 的升温 速率下可使 AP 的高温分解峰峰温从 440。66℃降低至 367。20℃。77975

毕业论文关键词 Cu-Cr-Fe 纳米复合物 高氯酸铵 催化性能 热分解 共沉淀法

毕 业 设 计 说 明 书 外 文 摘 要

Title Synthesis of Cu-Cr-Fe nanocomposites and their catalytic activity

Abstract In this article, the Cu-Cr-Fe nanocomposites were synthesisd by co-precipitation and calcination using Cu(NO3)2·3H2O, Fe(NO3)3·9H2O and Cr(NO3)3·3H2O as materials, with PEG-400 act as dispersing agent and ammonia as the precipitating agent。 The different molar ratio of Cu-Cr-Fe nanocomposites were obtained by changing Cr/Fe molar ratio and controlling the amount of Cu in the raw material unchanged。 Then the Cu-Cr-Fe nanocomposites were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), which can research their crystal form and morphology。 Further, the effect of their catalytic activity on ammonium perchlorate were under study through the TG-DSC。 The results show that the Cu-Cr-Fe nanocomposites we synthesized contain CuCr2O4, CuFe2O4, CuO and Fe2O3, which have a fairly uniform size of 40nm~60nm and a good dispersion; the Cu-Cr-Fe nanocomposites all with different content show good catalytic activity, the decomposition peak of high temperature of AP appeared notable in advance, and when the molar ratio of Cu-Cr-Fe is 5:4:6, the Cu-Cr-Fe nanocomposites has optimum effect, and an optimum additive amount of Cu-Cr-Fe nanocomposites is 2%, which could make the peak temperature of thermal decomposition of AP decrease from 440。66℃ to 367。20℃。

Keywords Cu-Cr-Fe nanocomposites Ammonium perchlorate Catalytic properties Thermal decomposition Co-precipitation

本科毕业设计说明书 第 I 页

目 次

1 引言 1

1。1 背景 1

1。2 纳米复合催化剂的制备方法 2

1。2。1 溶胶-凝胶法 2

1。2。2 化学气相沉积法 2

1。2。3 水热法 2

1。2。4 共沉淀法