摘要：石墨烯量子点作为一种纳米材料具有良好的性质与广泛的应用，近年来受到研究者的广泛关注。本文主要对石墨烯量子点的制备方法进行了介绍，同时也对石墨烯量子点的制备进行了研究。首先通过改进的Hummers法使用石墨粉、浓H2SO4、KMnO4、NaNO3等为原料制备氧化石墨，再将制得的氧化石墨以二甲基甲酰胺为溶剂通过水热法在高温、高压、密闭的条件下反应制备石墨烯量子点；然后通过旋转蒸发法将其浓缩并通过凝胶色谱柱对其进行纯化；进而对本实验所得到的纯化前后以及多次浓缩的石墨烯量子点进行紫外以及荧光光谱的检测并详细分析和比较了各种条件下制得的产物的光谱性质。另外，还研究了不同pH值处理所得产物的荧光性质。79926

毕业论文关键词：石墨烯；Hummers法；量子点；水热法；光谱性质

The Preparation of Water-soluble Graphene Quantum Dots

Abstract: the graphene quantum dots as a nanomaterials have good properties and extensive application, and have attracted much attention in recent years。 In this paper, the preparation method of graphene quantum dots is introduced, and the preparation of graphene quantum dots is also studied。 First, the modified Hummers method was used to prepare graphite oxide with graphite powder, concentrated H2SO4, KMnO4 and NaNO3。 The oxidized graphite was prepared by hydrothermal method in the presence of high temperature, high pressure and closed condition。 And then concentrated by rotary evaporation method and purified by gel column。 Then, the ultraviolet and fluorescence spectra of the graphene quantum dots were obtained before and after the purification。 The spectral properties of the products prepared under various conditions were analyzed and compared in detail。 In addition, the fluorescence properties of the products treated with different pH values were also studied。

Keyword：Hummers method; graphene; GQDs; hydrothermal method; Spectral properties

目  录

1 前言 1

1。1 课题的目的和意义 2

1。2 课题的研究背景 2

  1。3 石墨烯量子点制备方法 3

1。3。1 水热法 3

1。3。2 电化学法 4

1。3。3 化学剥离碳纤维法 5

1。3。4 可控热解多环芳烃法 5

1。3。5 溶液化学法 5

1。3。6 超声波法和微波法 6

1。4 石墨烯量子点最新研究概况 7

1。5 立题依据 7

2 实验部分 9

2。1 仪器与试剂 9

2。1。1 仪器 9

2。1。2 药品与试剂 9

  2。2 实验方法 10

2。2。1 石墨烯的制备 10

2。2。2 石墨烯量子点的制备 10

2。2。3 浓缩对石墨烯量子点的影响 11

2。2。4 pH对石墨烯量子点荧光性质的影响 11

3 结果与讨论 12

3。1 样品的表征 12

3。1。1 产品形貌 12

3。1。2 样品纯化前后的紫外表征