摘    要人与人之间相互信任是人际关系建立的基础。对人际信任的有关研究受到专家学者的青睐,但大多数人研究均以成人为研究对象。小学生正处于人格发展与形成的关键阶段，了解小学阶段的人际信任状况可为教育干预提供依据,帮助小学生更好地进行人际交往、学习和适应社会，最终促进青少年的健康成长。为了了解当前小学生的人际信任状况，本研究采用《人际信任量表》、《儿童马基雅维里主义量表》以及信任博弈等，以问卷调查的方式调查了杭州市江南实验学校的180名小学生的人际信任。结果发现：1、小学生的信赖水平随年级的升高而发生变化，每个年级的信任水平在性别上存在显著差异。2、小学生的马氏分数在年级和性别两个维度上存在显著差异，高年级的小学生马氏分数比低年级的高，男生的马氏分数比女生的高。3、马氏分数对小学生的信任行为和信任回馈都有显著负向预测作用，马氏分数越高，信任行为越少。这些结果表明信任水平有年龄发展趋势，可根据小学生的年龄特征，合理培养小学生的人际信任，促进小学生和谐人际关系的建立和形成。88497

Abstract Mutual trust between people is the basis for the establishment of interpersonal relationships。 The relevant research on interpersonal trust has been favored by experts and scholars。 However, most of the research subjects are adults。 Primary school students are in personality development and formation of a critical stage。 To understand the situation of primary stage of interpersonal trust, can provide educational intervention of basis, help students better interpersonal communication, learning and social adaptation, and ultimately to promote teenagers healthy growth。 In order to understand the situation of the student's interpersonal trust, and this study adopts the interpersonal trust scale and the children's Machiavellianism scale and the trust game。 This study adopted questionnaire survey method to investigate 249 primary students’ interpersonal trust of Hangzhou Jiangnan Experimental School of zhejiang。 The results showed that: 1, the trust level of primary school students changed with the increase of the grade。 The level of trust in each grade was significantly different in gender。 2, Mach scores of primary school students have significant differences both in grade and sex。 Mach scores of high grade are higher than low grade, Mach scores of boys are higher than girls。 Trust behavior had significant effects on Pupils' scores 3, Mach scores have significant prediction on trust behaviors。 The higher the scores are, the less trust behaviors。 These results indicate that the level of trust has the trend of age。 According to the characteristics of the age of primary school students, training of interpersonal trust reasonably, and promote the establishment and formation of harmonious interpersonal relationships。

毕业论文关键词：小学生； 人际信任； 信任行为； 信任培养

Keyword: primary students; interpersonal trust; trust level; nurture trust

目    录

一 引言 5

（一） 研究背景 5

（二） 信任概念及其相关研究 5

（三） 问题的提出及研究意义 6

二 实证研究 7

（一） 研究目的 7

（二） 研究假设 8

（三） 研究方法与过程 8

1 研究对象 8

2 研究工具 8