摘要电弧炉炼钢通过石墨电极向电弧炼钢炉内输入电能，以电极端部和炉料之间 发生的电弧为热源进行炼钢的方法。本设计为 120t 电弧炉炼钢工艺设计。设计 的主要内容包括 120t 电弧炉的物料平衡计算、热平衡计算、电弧炉炉型设计、 变压器功率计算。84434

本设计中的物料平衡和热平衡计算是以冶炼 100Kg 金属炉料为基础，根据 物质守恒定律和能量守恒定律，计算整个冶炼过程中物料与能量的收入项和支出 项，为改进工艺制度，确定合理的设计参数和提高炼钢技术经济指标提供定量依 据。设计采用电弧炉炼钢的经验公式，对电弧炉炉型进行设计，使电弧炉获得良 好的经济指标以及延长电弧炉的寿命。炉型设计计算了炉身的尺寸，炉底形状为 圆缺型。炉盖选择高铝砖作为耐火材料；炉底和炉壁选择石棉板、粘土砖和镁砖， 缝隙间用硅藻粉或黏土砖粉填充。根据设计炉容和炉型，确定了变压器功率和电 参数。

毕业论文关键词：物料平衡；热平衡；电弧炉炉型设计

Abstract The method of electric arc furnace steelmaking is the graphite electrode input power to electric arc steelmaking furnace by the arc as the heat source between the ends of the electrodes and the burden。 This is a design of 120t arc furnace steelmaking

process。 The main contents of the design include material balancing calculation、heat

account、furnace design of electric arc furnace and transformer power calculation 。

The design of the material balance and heat balance calculation is based on smelting the 100kg based metal to counting the income and expenditure items of material and energy in the whole smelting process by law of conservation of matter and law of conservation of energy。Determineing the reasonable design parameters and improve the technical and economic indicators to provide quantitative basis for improveing the process system。The design for furnace design to get good economic indicators and extend the life of arc furnace by empirical formula of arc furnace steelmaking。The furnace design counts size of furnace shell selects round missing type of    bottom shape。 Asbestos, diatomite powder, clay brick and magnesia brick  is

selected as the refractory of furnace bottom; Asbestos、clay brick and magnesia brick

is chosen as the refractory of furnace wall。 The transformer power and electric parameters are determined by capacity and furnace profile。

Keywords: material  balance；thermal  equilibrium；furnace  profile  design   of electric arc furnace

目录

第一章 绪论 1

1。1 概述 1

1。2 电弧炉炼钢的发展及现状 1

1。2。1 我国电弧炉炼钢技术的进步 1

1。2。2 我国电炉生产的困境 2

1。2。3 国内外电炉炼钢技术发展趋势 3

1。3 电弧炉炼钢技术经济指标 3

第二章 物料平衡与热平衡 6

2。1 物料平衡的计算 6

2。1。1 物料平衡项目 7

2。1。2 熔化期计算 8

2。1。3 氧化期计算 12

2。1。4 还原期计算 16

2。2 热平衡计算 21

2。2。1 计算热收入 Qs 21

2。2。2 计算热支出 Qz