摘要三坐标数控机床是进行雕刻加工的自动化装备，兼具铣、钻、镗等多种加工形式。随着科学技术的进步和国民经济的发展，三坐标数控加工机床在广告业、工艺业、模具业、建筑业拥有广泛的应用，具有很好的发展前景。然而，现国内市场上存在的三坐标数控机床虽品质不错但价格非常昂贵，普通机床价格都在上万元以上，让小型企业和个人用户望而止步，也在一定程度上阻碍了其推广。因此，本文试图在保证一定的加工精度和稳定性的前提下，设计一种结构简单、易上手且价格低廉的三坐标数控机床，同时利用个人计算机提供CAD/CAM设计和控制方案，努力降低设备成本，以满足小型企业和个人用户需求。本文做的主要工作包括以下几个方面：50612

针对三坐标数控机床，基于机构简单、便于制造的原则完成机构方案的设计，通过计算确定主要部件的选型和关键部分的校核，并利用建模软件Solidworks完成数控机床的三维建模，并将三维模型导入ADAMS进行运动学仿真，得到的运动曲线与MATLAB获得的理论运动曲线进行比较，以验证机构模型的正确性。

同时，本文通过修改EMC2开放式控制软件的源代码和配置相关文件，完成三坐标数控机床的控制系统设计。并将安装有设计完成的控制系统的计算机通过并口与本文制作的机床实物连接，实现对机床的控制。

关键字 三坐标；数控机床；EMC2开放式数控系统

Abstract

3-Axis CNC machine tools are a kind of automation equipment which are used to curve and has various processing forms such as milling, drilling, plane and others. With the development of science and technology, 3-Axis CNC machine tools are widely used in advertising, process industry, mold industry and building industry. There is no doubt that it has very good prospects for development. However, most of 3-Axis CNC machine tools on the market are too expensive even its quality is very good. This problem makes a lot of small businesses and inpidual users are forced to give up to buy the 3-Axis CNC machine tools and hindered the development to some extent. Therefore, this paper attempt to design a new kind of 3-Axis CNC machine tools which has simple structure and low price on the premise of guarantee of stability and accuracy. What’s more ,this paper successfully reduce the cost by using personal computer to achieve CAD/CAM and control the 3-Axis CNC machine tools. The major work done in this paper includes the following aspects:

According to 3-Axis CNC machine tools, this paper finish the design of mechanism based on the principle of simple structure and easy to make, determines the model of main parts by calculating and then checks some important parts. this paper constructs three-dimensional modeling of CNC machine tools under Solidworks environment, then the kinematics simulation is performed through importing the model into ADAMS, finally rod kinematic simualtion curve is obtained. By comparing simulation curve with the one obtained from MATLAB, the curves match each other well, which demonstrates the correctness of the inverse model.

Simultaneously, in order to design the control system of this 3-Axis CNC machine tools, we only have to rectify and compile the motion module in the EMC2’ SC. Finally, this paper achieve the goal of control the 3-Axis CNC machine tools by connecting the computer equipped with EMC2 open numerical control system and CNC machine tools through the parallel port.

Keywords：3-Axis; CNC machine tools; EMC2 open numerical control system

目    录

摘 要 I

Abstract II

第一章 绪论 1

第二章 简易数控机床的机械系统设计