摘要连杆，是发动机中的重要组成部分。在机械的工作过程中，连杆起着传递力和转 矩的作用。往往受到很大的力的作用，所以，其强度对其求很高。连杆机构的主要组 成包括连杆的小头，大头和杆身。除此之外，还有与之配合的轴瓦、衬套等组成。在 工作过程中，连杆不断的进行往复运动。连杆的失效形式主要是疲劳断裂，因此，对 于连杆的设计，最主要的是满足它的强度需要。在此基础上，尽量使连杆的质量减轻。 以节约生产成本。81366

本文中，根据曲轴连杆图纸，在 UG 软件中建立连杆的三维模型。同时，对连杆 进行适当简化。简化连杆的小头部分的油孔，大头端盖与杆身直接连接在一起，简化 螺栓。然后将模型导入 Hypermesh 软件之中，进行网格划分，建立有限元模型。再导 入 ANSYS 软件之中进行有限元分析计算，从而进行强度校核。在此基础上，又适当进 行优化分析。

经过 ANSYS 软件分析计算，连杆的受力主要集中在小头部分，杆身的应力主要集 中在与大头小头的连接处。最大应力也出现在连杆的小头，通过计算，得出安全系数 大于取定安全系数，满足强度要求。

毕业论文关键词：柴油机；连杆；ANSYS；强度校核

Abstract Connecting rod, it is an important part of the engine。 In the process of mechanical work, linkage and torque heritability role。 Tend to be the role of a great force, so the strength of the high。 Linkage of the main components including connecting rod small head, big head and shaft。 In addition to this, and cooperate with the bearings, bushings, etc。 In the process of work, the connecting rod for reciprocating motion。 Connecting rod failure form is mainly fatigue fracture, therefore, to the design of the connecting rod, the main thing is that can meet the needs of its strength。 On this basis, try to make the quality of the connecting rod。 To save the cost of production。

In this article, according to the crankshaft, connecting rod drawing in UG software to establish three-dimensional model of connecting rod。 At the same time, the connecting rod appropriately simplified。 Simplify connecting rod small head part of the oil hole, big head cover and shaft directly connected together, simplify the bolt。 Then put the model into Hypermesh software, grid, the finite element model is established。 To import the ANSYS software of finite element analysis and calculation, thus the strength check。 On this basis, and appropriate for optimization analysis。

Through ANSYS software analysis and calculation, the stress of the connecting rod are mainly concentrated in small head, shaft stress mainly concentrated in the joint of with big head small head。 Maximum stress also appear in the connecting rod little head, through calculation, it is concluded that safety coefficient is greater than the safety coefficient, fixed meet the strength requirement。

Keywords: Diesel engine; Connecting rod; ANSYS; Intensity check

目 录

第一章  绪论 1

1。1 研究背景和意义 1

1。2 国内外研究现状 1

1。3 本文主要研究内容 2

第二章  有限元方法和软件简介以及连杆有限元模型的建立 3

2。1 有限元方法的产生和发展 3

2。1。1 有限元方法的产生 3

2。1。2 有限元法的发展及展望 3

2。2 有限元软件介绍及有限元基本思想