摘要：众所周知，适者生存，优胜劣汰是亘古不变的定律，尤其是在市场经济的大环境下，激烈的市场竞争使得企业只有不断的发展壮大才能够得以长久存活，实现企业价值最大化。而有效充足的资金投入、完善健全的融资渠道正是维持企业正常生产经营活动的必要条件，因此，投融资活动对企业发展的重要性不言而喻。在企业投资融资的过程中，必然会涉及到许多税务问题，作为纳税人，企业需要考虑的是如何进行有效的税务筹划使得企业付出最小成本的同时实现企业价值最大化这一远大的目标，对企业来说具有一定的现实意义，这也是本文研究的关键所在。

税务筹划在西方国家已经有半个多世纪的发展历史，不论是在实践还是理论方面都发展成了一个相对成熟的行业，相较之下，我国对税务筹划的研究还很少，这主要是由于：我国市场经济体制建立的比较晚，纳税人作为独立经济利益主体的身份还未充分体现出来；大家对税务筹划的内涵不甚了解，想法较为偏激，视其为税务欺诈。但随着我国市场经济的不断发展和税收制度的逐步完善，企业面临全面税收约束下的市场竞争环境，我国的税务筹划事业尽管起步较晚，还是存在着巨大的发展空间。

企业进行税务筹划，从宏观上来说，有利于促进资本的流动、加强资源的合理配置、优化经济产业结构，可以充分发挥税收财务杠杆的作用；从微观上来讲，有助于增强纳税人纳税意识、降低企业税收成本、提升企业经营管理水平，可以加快社会经济发展的进程。所以，纳税人必须合理、准备地把握和阐释税务筹划的内涵，对经济活动做好税务筹划，选择最优纳税方案，才能更好、更快、更大限度的实现自身财务目标。

关键词：税务筹划，投资，融资

Tax planning of enterprise investment and financing

Abstract：As we all know, survival of the fittest, survival of the fittest is an immutable law, particularly under the environment of market economy and fierce market competition makes the only continuous development and expansion of enterprises can survive  for a long time, maximize enterprise value. Sufficient and effective investment, the integrity of our financing activities necessary to maintain normal production and operation and, therefore, the importance of investment and financing activities on enterprise development. In the process of enterprise investment and financing, will inevitably involve many tax issues, as taxpayers, businesses need to consider is how effective tax planning allows companies to pay the minimum cost while achieving the ambitious goal of maximization of enterprise value, significant for enterprises, which is the key to this study.

Tax planning in Western national has half more century of development history, regardless of is in practice also is theory aspects are development into has a relative mature of industry, phase than Xia, China on tax planning of research also rarely, this main is due to: China market system established of compared late, taxpayers as independent economic interests subject of identity also not full reflected out; everyone on tax planning of connotation not is understand, idea more extreme, depending on its for tax fraud. But with the development of the market economy and the gradual improvement of tax system and market competition environment of the enterprises under the constraint of comprehensive tax, tax preparation business in spite of a late start in China, there is still a tremendous amount of space for development.

Tax planning of enterprises, from the macro point of view, to promote capital flows, strengthen the rational allocation of resources, optimize the economic structure, tax financial leverage can give full play to role of microcosm, helps enhance taxpayer awareness of paying tax, reduce business tax costs, enhance the management level of enterprises, can accelerate the process of socio-economic development. Therefore, the taxpayer must be reasonable, ready to grasp and explain the meaning of tax planning, tax planning on economic activity, select the optimum tax scheme can be better, faster, bigger limit to achieve their financial goals.