不同作物秸秆生物炭吸附细菌和铅镉的作用
毕业论文关键词：生物炭；秸秆；巨大芽孢杆菌H3；镉；铅
Different crop straw biochar adsorption of bacteria and the effect of lead and cadmium
Abstract： Biochar is a product of agricultural waste resource utilization, biomass in anoxic and anaerobic conditions, low temperature pyrolysis to form a high carbon content of the material. Biochar applied to the soil can not only increase the storage of the carbon in the soil, reduce the release of CO2, but also can improve soil physical, chemical and biological properties of improving soil fertility. At the same time, the biochar also can promote plant growth; reduce the effect such as heavy metals and organic pollutants biological efficiency, widely applied in the field of agriculture and environmental protection. In addition, bacteria in recent years, the study of heavy metal ions adsorption is on, and the adsorption of heavy metals by microbes and biochar together using the research also needs to be.Therefore, this study selected different preparation temperature, different sources of biochar as the research objects. The study focuses the influence on cadmium adsorption and its huge synergy of cadmium adsorption between bacillus. The results showed that its adsorption properties of the biochar at pyrolysis temperature of 400 ℃ was higher than biachar at 600 ℃. The rice straw biochar adsorption performance is higher than maize straw biochar. The adsorption capacity of lead by these two kinds of biochar is higher than the adsorption capacity of cadmium. The adsorption by biochar and Bacillus megaterium H3 interaction was reduced.
Key words: Biochar；Straw；Bacillus megaterium H3；Cadmium；Lead
目 录
摘要1
关键词1
Abstract1
Key words1
引言1
1材料与方法2
1.1实验材料 2
1.2实验方法 2
1.2.1生物炭的制备2
1.2.2铅镉对H3菌株的致死浓度 2
1.2.3生物炭对溶液中铅镉的去除作用3
1.2.4生物炭协同细菌对溶液中铅镉的去除作用3
1.2.5生物炭对细菌的吸附作用4
2结果与分析4
2.1生物炭制备4
2.2铅和镉对H3的致死浓度4
2.3生物炭对溶液中铅镉的去除作用4
2.3.1 镉离子处理组4
2.3.2铅离子处理组5
2.4生物炭协同细菌对溶液中铅镉的去除作用6
2.4.1镉离子处理组6
2.4.2铅离子处理组8
3讨论 10
3.1成炭温度对活性炭性质的影响10
3.2原料生物质种类对活性炭性质的影响10
3.3活性炭与重金属和重金属吸附菌10
3.4展望10
致谢11
参考文献11
不同作物秸秆生物炭吸附细菌和铅镉的作用
引言
生物炭（Biochar），近几年越来越多地出现在各类科学期刊中，Biochar是Bio和Charcoal的缩写，是2007年在澳大利亚第一届国际生物炭会议上确定下来的，国内一些研究机构将其翻译为生物炭、生物碳、生物质炭、生物质焦等。国际生物炭行动组织（International Biochar Initiative，IBI）将生物炭定义为：生物炭是一种细颗粒状木炭，富含有机碳且难降解，是由植物或废弃的原材料经髙温热裂解而生成的，属于广义概念上黑炭的一种类型。作为一种土壤改良剂，生物炭形成了一个顽强的碳负性的土壌碳结合体，并将大气中二氧化碳储存到高度抗性的土壤碳库中。土壤中施用了生物炭后，其营养持久性增强，不仅减少了作物对肥料的需求，而且对于气候和环境一定的影响[1]。